阿西莫夫对机器人世界的伦理凝视
发布时间：2019-01-27 12:18
【摘要】：艾萨克·阿西莫夫,后威尔斯时代美国黄金时期代表性科幻作家,机器人小说之父。他提出的机器人学三大法则是当代机器人学的基本法则,他作品中的智能机器人唤起了大众和科技界精英的强烈情感共鸣,其笔下的有关科幻作品均被尊为机器人科幻小说经典之作。阿西莫夫本人更是被美国政府誉为“国家的资源与自然的奇迹”。这位享有世界级声誉的畅销科幻文学兼科普文学作家把一生的大部分时间都用在了对机械文明可以达到的巅峰实验性尝试——类人形机器人与人和平共处或剑拔弩张的关系推理过程中,就此写出了五部长篇小说与一部中短篇集,分别为《我,机器人》《钢穴》《裸阳》《曙光中的机器人》《机器人与帝国》和《阿西莫夫：机器人短篇全集》,在另一系列史诗级巨著“《基地》系列”的前传和后传中机器人也参演了重要角色,使得阿氏的科幻小说一脉相承。本文研究的,也是最值得称道的是阿西莫夫对机器人的文学伦理化尝试。阿西莫夫没有单纯地把机器人视为人类的助手或者被制造出来用以星际殖民的简单角色,而是内化给他们一股道德的力量,阿氏提出了“机器人三大定律”,甚至创造出了“机器人心理学”这样的词,赋予机器人的正子脑电路中有着“我欲为人”的心理逻辑甚至到最后有着“我欲为人类保护神”的更强大种族道德逻辑。这些对机器“人”的设想来自于何方?机器人与人和平共处的“碳铁文明”会成为未来科学选择的最好模式吗?在阿氏的小说中可以处处体会他的用心。本文由下面五个部分组成,包括引言、第一章、第二章、第三章和结语。引言部分主要是对阿西莫夫及其作品的介绍,对科幻小说、伦理选择与科学选择等相关概念的界定,以及国内外研究现状和选题的意义。第一章则是对阿西莫夫的机器人世界的整体性观照,描述阿氏笔下的机器人有着怎样的道德倾向和伦理观念。这里在描述伦理选择中人性与兽性的伦理冲突的文学伦理学批评术语“斯芬克斯因子”的基础上提出了“弗兰肯斯坦因子”这个理论术语,希望能够用以描述科学选择中人造人身上人性与机械性的伦理冲突。本文从阿氏的众多机器人小说中提取出来两个关键性的“机器人”人物形象：安德鲁和机·丹尼尔,分别放在第二章“安德鲁：人性机器人”和第三章“丹尼尔：神性机器人”予以详尽的阐释。论文着重分析了一心想变成人类的安德鲁的两百年变人之路,以及具有超人特质的机·丹尼尔以自身特有的方式守护人类两万年之路。他们的身上体现出对弗兰肯斯坦因子的矛盾性与超越性,这两个机器人的描写也代表了两种未来机器人伦理的拓展方向。结语部分总结概括阿西莫夫对机器人世界的深刻伦理构建,点明其对机器人这个科幻文学中特殊描绘的智能种族的伦理观照的深远意义。
[Abstract]:Isaac Asimov, representative American science-fiction writer in the golden age of post-Wales, father of robotics. His three principles of robotics are the basic principles of modern robotics, and the intelligent robots in his works evoke strong emotional resonance between the public and the scientific elite. His works of science fiction are regarded as the classics of robot science fiction. Asimov himself was praised by the US government as the "miracle of the nation's resources and nature." The best-selling science-fiction and popular science writer with a world-class reputation has spent most of his life experimenting with the pinnacle of mechanical civilization--humanoid robots that coexist peacefully with humans or draw swords. In the process of relational reasoning, In this regard, five novels and a short anthology were written, entitled "I, Robot, Steel Cave," Naked Yang "," Robot in the Dawn "," Robots and the Empire "and" Asimov: a complete Collection of Robot stories ", respectively. In the prequel and afterpass of another series of epic masterpieces, the Robots also played an important part in Archer's sci-fi novels. The most laudable research in this paper is Asimov's attempt on the literary ethics of robot. Instead of simply treating robots as human assistants or simple characters created for interstellar colonization, Asimov internalized them as a moral force, and Archimov proposed the "three laws of robotics." Even the words "robotics" have been coined, and the positron circuits given to robots have the psychological logic of "I want to be human" and eventually have the more powerful racial and moral logic of "I want to protect God for humanity." Where do these ideas of machine "man" come from? Will the "Carbon-Iron Civilization" of robot and human coexistence become the best model for scientific choice in the future? His heart can be seen everywhere in Archer's novels. This paper consists of five parts, including introduction, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three and conclusion. The introduction is mainly about the introduction of Asimov and his works, the definition of science fiction, ethical choice and scientific choice, as well as the status quo of domestic and foreign research and the significance of choosing the topic. The first chapter is a holistic view of Asimov's robot world, describing what kind of moral tendency and ethics the robot has. Based on the literary ethics criticism term "Sphinx factor", which describes the ethical conflict between human nature and animality in ethical choice, this paper puts forward the theoretical term "Franken Steinz". Hope can be used to describe the ethical conflict between human nature and machinism in scientific choice. This paper extracts two key "robot" characters from Archer's many robot novels: Andrew and Daniel. The second chapter, Andrew: human robot, and the third chapter, Daniel Divine Robot, are explained in detail. The paper focuses on Andrew's two-hundred-year road to human transformation, and the superhuman nature of the machine Daniel in its own way to guard the human road of 20,000 years. Their body reflects the contradiction and transcendence of Franken Stein factor, and the description of these two robots also represents the expanding direction of two kinds of robot ethics in the future. The conclusion part summarizes Asimov's profound ethical construction of robot world and points out its profound significance to the ethical reflection of robot which is a special description of intelligent race in science fiction literature.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2416252
[Abstract]:Isaac Asimov, representative American science-fiction writer in the golden age of post-Wales, father of robotics. His three principles of robotics are the basic principles of modern robotics, and the intelligent robots in his works evoke strong emotional resonance between the public and the scientific elite. His works of science fiction are regarded as the classics of robot science fiction. Asimov himself was praised by the US government as the "miracle of the nation's resources and nature." The best-selling science-fiction and popular science writer with a world-class reputation has spent most of his life experimenting with the pinnacle of mechanical civilization--humanoid robots that coexist peacefully with humans or draw swords. In the process of relational reasoning, In this regard, five novels and a short anthology were written, entitled "I, Robot, Steel Cave," Naked Yang "," Robot in the Dawn "," Robots and the Empire "and" Asimov: a complete Collection of Robot stories ", respectively. In the prequel and afterpass of another series of epic masterpieces, the Robots also played an important part in Archer's sci-fi novels. The most laudable research in this paper is Asimov's attempt on the literary ethics of robot. Instead of simply treating robots as human assistants or simple characters created for interstellar colonization, Asimov internalized them as a moral force, and Archimov proposed the "three laws of robotics." Even the words "robotics" have been coined, and the positron circuits given to robots have the psychological logic of "I want to be human" and eventually have the more powerful racial and moral logic of "I want to protect God for humanity." Where do these ideas of machine "man" come from? Will the "Carbon-Iron Civilization" of robot and human coexistence become the best model for scientific choice in the future? His heart can be seen everywhere in Archer's novels. This paper consists of five parts, including introduction, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three and conclusion. The introduction is mainly about the introduction of Asimov and his works, the definition of science fiction, ethical choice and scientific choice, as well as the status quo of domestic and foreign research and the significance of choosing the topic. The first chapter is a holistic view of Asimov's robot world, describing what kind of moral tendency and ethics the robot has. Based on the literary ethics criticism term "Sphinx factor", which describes the ethical conflict between human nature and animality in ethical choice, this paper puts forward the theoretical term "Franken Steinz". Hope can be used to describe the ethical conflict between human nature and machinism in scientific choice. This paper extracts two key "robot" characters from Archer's many robot novels: Andrew and Daniel. The second chapter, Andrew: human robot, and the third chapter, Daniel Divine Robot, are explained in detail. The paper focuses on Andrew's two-hundred-year road to human transformation, and the superhuman nature of the machine Daniel in its own way to guard the human road of 20,000 years. Their body reflects the contradiction and transcendence of Franken Stein factor, and the description of these two robots also represents the expanding direction of two kinds of robot ethics in the future. The conclusion part summarizes Asimov's profound ethical construction of robot world and points out its profound significance to the ethical reflection of robot which is a special description of intelligent race in science fiction literature.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 迟萌;;机器人技术的伦理边界[J];机器人技术与应用;2009年03期
2 星河;人类的造物主情结——科幻小说中的“机器人”题材[J];知识就是力量;1997年06期
3 杨汝钧;从阿西莫夫的创作观看科幻创作[J];文艺评论;1995年03期
4 吕超;;西方科幻小说中的机器人伦理[J];外国文学研究;2015年01期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 王东浩;机器人伦理问题研究[D];南开大学;2014年
，本文编号：2416252
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yingmeiwenxuelunwen/2416252.html
