向往和谐的存在：从生态美学角度重读《达洛维夫人》
发布时间：2019-05-22 18:50
【摘要】：《达洛维夫人》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫意识流小说的代表作。该小说创作于1925年,当时由于科技的进步和工业革命的发展,西方社会迎来了前所未有的物质繁荣。然而物质的富足造成了现代人的精神真空,一战的爆发更加剧了这种状况。人物内心、人与社会以及人与自然的失衡严重影响着人类的存在状态。作为一位关心人类灵魂的作家,伍尔夫试图通过描写人物的内心来探索人类存在的意义,从而建立一个和谐的整体。这与海德格尔早期的存在主义观以及后期的生态美学观所表达的思想不谋而合。因此,本论文试从生态美学的角度重读《达洛维夫人》,揭示其中蕴含的天地人神四位一体的思想,论述人物内心、人与社会、人与自然保持和谐状态的重要意义。 第一章探讨保持人物内心和谐的重要意义。海德格尔的沉沦说把人们的存在状态划分为本真和非本真,这恰恰在克拉丽莎·达洛维身上得到了充分体现。年轻的克拉丽莎敢爱敢恨,少受世俗的干扰,真正地作为她自身而存在,即本真的存在。婚后的克拉丽莎以达洛维夫人的身份出现,消散于家庭琐事和社会交往中,最终沉沦为非本真的存在。小说结尾,赛普蒂莫斯的自杀唤起了达洛维夫人对存在意义的重新思考,意识到只有本真的存在才能达到内心的和谐。 第二章分析构建人与社会和谐关系的重要意义。海德格尔关于“共在”的阐释,倡导世界是人与他人共在的世界。伍尔夫在小说中对人物所遭受的社会不公待遇的批判暗示了她对和谐社会的向往。从战场归来的赛普蒂莫斯,患上了严重的战后弹震症。他非但没有得到社会应有的尊重和关爱,反倒被众人遗弃,尤其是以霍姆斯医生和威廉爵士为代表的统治阶级更是主张要将他隔离,甚至禁止他生育。没有归属感的赛普蒂莫斯对人性彻底失望,最终选择“重生”去构建自己向往的和谐团体。 第三章谈论实现人与自然和谐存在的重要意义。海德格尔认为技术时代的到来使人们不再成为存在的看护者,而是把自然当作资源储备器。人类毫无节制的索取造成了生态失衡,破坏了人与自然的和谐关系,因而海德格尔提出了天地人神四重统一的论断。伍尔夫在小说中描述了许多人与自然和谐共融的场景,然而在现实生活中人类对自然规律的侵犯已经威胁到了人类的生存。因此,伍尔夫在其作品中展示了天人合的景象,以此来号召人们尊重自然,与自然和谐共处。 在前人研究的基础上,这篇论文尝试着运用人物分析和文本解读揭示《达洛维夫人》中蕴含的生态美学意义。这三章分别从个人内心,人与社会,人与自然三个层面阐述了小说中所表达的向往和谐的思想,以期对当代人构建和谐社会起到一定的启发和警示作用。
[Abstract]:Mrs. Daloway is the masterpiece of Virginia Woolf's stream of consciousness novel. The novel was written in 1925, when the western society ushered in unprecedented material prosperity due to the progress of science and technology and the development of the industrial revolution. However, the material abundance caused the spiritual vacuum of modern people, and the outbreak of World War I aggravated this situation. The imbalance between man and society and man and nature seriously affects the state of human existence. As a writer who cares about the human soul, Woolf tries to explore the meaning of human existence by describing the heart of the characters, so as to establish a harmonious whole. This coincides with Heidegger's early existentialism view and later ecological aesthetics view. Therefore, this thesis tries to reread Mrs. Dalowei from the point of view of ecological aesthetics, reveal the thought of the four unity of heaven and earth, man and God, and discuss the significance of keeping the harmonious state between the heart of the characters, man and society, man and nature. The first chapter discusses the significance of maintaining the inner harmony of the characters. Heidegger's theory divides people's state of existence into true and non-true, which is fully reflected in Clarissa Dalowi. The young Clarissa dared to love and hate, less disturbed by the worldly world, and really existed as herself, that is, it really existed. After marriage, Clarissa appeared as Mrs. Dalowi, dissipated in family chores and social interactions, and eventually sank into an unreal existence. At the end of the novel, Siptimos's suicide evokes Mrs. Dalowi's rethinking of the meaning of existence and realizes that only true existence can achieve inner harmony. The second chapter analyzes the significance of building a harmonious relationship between people and society. Heidegger's explanation of "co-existence" advocates that the world is the world where man and others live together. Woolf's criticism of the social injustice suffered by the characters in her novels implies her yearning for a harmonious society. Siptimos, who returned from the battlefield, suffered from a severe postwar bomb attack. Instead of being respected and cared for by society, he was abandoned by people, especially the ruling class, represented by Dr. Holmes and Sir William, who advocated isolating him or even banning him from giving birth. Siptimos, who has no sense of belonging, is completely disappointed in human nature and finally chooses to be reborn to build the harmonious group he yearns for. The third chapter discusses the significance of realizing the harmonious existence between man and nature. Heidegger believes that the advent of the era of technology makes people no longer a caretaker of existence, but as a resource reserve. The unrestrained demands of human beings caused the ecological imbalance and destroyed the harmonious relationship between man and nature, so Heidegger put forward the theory of the quadruple unity of man and god in heaven and earth. Woolf describes the harmonious integration of many people with nature in his novel, but in real life, human invasion of the laws of nature has threatened the survival of human beings. Therefore, Woolf shows the scene of harmony between heaven and man in his works, which calls on people to respect nature and live in harmony with nature. On the basis of previous studies, this paper attempts to reveal the ecological aesthetic significance contained in Mrs. Dalowei by means of character analysis and text interpretation. These three chapters explain the yearning for harmony expressed in the novel from three aspects: individual heart, man and society, man and nature, in order to play a certain role in enlightening and warning the contemporary people to build a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
本文编号：2483162
[Abstract]:Mrs. Daloway is the masterpiece of Virginia Woolf's stream of consciousness novel. The novel was written in 1925, when the western society ushered in unprecedented material prosperity due to the progress of science and technology and the development of the industrial revolution. However, the material abundance caused the spiritual vacuum of modern people, and the outbreak of World War I aggravated this situation. The imbalance between man and society and man and nature seriously affects the state of human existence. As a writer who cares about the human soul, Woolf tries to explore the meaning of human existence by describing the heart of the characters, so as to establish a harmonious whole. This coincides with Heidegger's early existentialism view and later ecological aesthetics view. Therefore, this thesis tries to reread Mrs. Dalowei from the point of view of ecological aesthetics, reveal the thought of the four unity of heaven and earth, man and God, and discuss the significance of keeping the harmonious state between the heart of the characters, man and society, man and nature. The first chapter discusses the significance of maintaining the inner harmony of the characters. Heidegger's theory divides people's state of existence into true and non-true, which is fully reflected in Clarissa Dalowi. The young Clarissa dared to love and hate, less disturbed by the worldly world, and really existed as herself, that is, it really existed. After marriage, Clarissa appeared as Mrs. Dalowi, dissipated in family chores and social interactions, and eventually sank into an unreal existence. At the end of the novel, Siptimos's suicide evokes Mrs. Dalowi's rethinking of the meaning of existence and realizes that only true existence can achieve inner harmony. The second chapter analyzes the significance of building a harmonious relationship between people and society. Heidegger's explanation of "co-existence" advocates that the world is the world where man and others live together. Woolf's criticism of the social injustice suffered by the characters in her novels implies her yearning for a harmonious society. Siptimos, who returned from the battlefield, suffered from a severe postwar bomb attack. Instead of being respected and cared for by society, he was abandoned by people, especially the ruling class, represented by Dr. Holmes and Sir William, who advocated isolating him or even banning him from giving birth. Siptimos, who has no sense of belonging, is completely disappointed in human nature and finally chooses to be reborn to build the harmonious group he yearns for. The third chapter discusses the significance of realizing the harmonious existence between man and nature. Heidegger believes that the advent of the era of technology makes people no longer a caretaker of existence, but as a resource reserve. The unrestrained demands of human beings caused the ecological imbalance and destroyed the harmonious relationship between man and nature, so Heidegger put forward the theory of the quadruple unity of man and god in heaven and earth. Woolf describes the harmonious integration of many people with nature in his novel, but in real life, human invasion of the laws of nature has threatened the survival of human beings. Therefore, Woolf shows the scene of harmony between heaven and man in his works, which calls on people to respect nature and live in harmony with nature. On the basis of previous studies, this paper attempts to reveal the ecological aesthetic significance contained in Mrs. Dalowei by means of character analysis and text interpretation. These three chapters explain the yearning for harmony expressed in the novel from three aspects: individual heart, man and society, man and nature, in order to play a certain role in enlightening and warning the contemporary people to build a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
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