泰戈尔诗歌中的死亡主题研究

发布时间：2019-05-24 11:50

【摘要】：泰戈尔的死亡诗歌是其浩瀚诗海中一朵清丽的莲花,它以丰富的意象和深厚的内蕴盛开于诗人的世界中。本文主要以泰戈尔的死亡诗歌为具体文本基础,在分析阐述泰戈尔死亡观的形成因素及具体内容的同时进一步阐释泰戈尔死亡诗歌的美学价值、泰戈尔的美学思想在死亡诗歌中的表现。本文主要分为三个部分：第一章,具体梳理泰戈尔死亡诗歌的创作概况、主要题材、思想内涵,并在文本整理的基础上对其死亡诗歌中的死亡意象进行分类整理和概括,同时对于死亡意象作出诠释。泰戈尔的死亡诗歌贯穿诗人一生的诗歌创作,从死亡初临的青年时期的诗集《刚与柔集》开始,诗人就落入“死亡”的罗网,透过死亡之眼开启了对于整个人生和生命的思索,可以说“死亡”这一主题是诗人最重要的诗歌题材之一,在诗人的每一部诗集中几乎都有死亡如影随形,也是“死亡”这一主题让泰戈尔的诗歌具有了一种玄妙神圣的美感。死亡诗歌的思想内涵主要包括对于死亡的深刻思索和豁达情怀、献给神的颂礼和死亡使生命完满三个部分。死亡意象在泰戈尔的诗歌当中独具特色,无论是旅行、天狗还是母亲、婚礼,在泰翁的诗界里都可以披上死亡的外衣插上诗人哲思的翅膀,死亡意象主要分为直接叙述性意象和间接描写性意象两种。第二章,主要深入挖掘影响泰戈尔死亡观形成及死亡诗歌创作的多种因素和诗人死亡观念的具体内容。首先是印度传统文化的影响,印度教思想(主要是《奥义书》哲学)是泰戈尔宗教哲学最重要的组成部分,此外佛教、基督教、西方现代思想也对他产生了一定影响。诗人在吸收精华的同时也摒除了其落后愚昧的一面,从而形成了自己的宗教哲学观。从文学角度而言,梵文古典文学、中世纪毗湿奴虔诚诗歌和西方文学主要影响着诗人的文学创作。可以说无论是宗教哲学还是文学,印度传统文化对于泰戈尔都有着深刻的影响。表现在死亡诗歌的创作方面,主要是“轮回业报”和“梵我合一”的思想的体现。其次是婆罗门大家族中的死亡亲历对于泰戈尔死亡观形成和死亡诗歌的创作的影响。身边至爱亲人的相继离去给泰戈尔带来沉重痛苦的同时也为诗人带来对于生命和死亡的深刻思索。最后还有西方文化思想对于泰戈尔死亡观和死亡诗歌创作的影响。泰戈尔的死亡观经历了“肯定死亡”、“否定死亡”和“超越死亡”三个发展阶段,他摒除了印度传统思想文化中的消极影响,克服现世生活中亲历死亡的阵痛,吸收西方文化中的积极因素构建起自己独特的“向死亦向生”的死亡观。第三章,泰戈尔的美学思想核心是“和谐即美”,他主张人通过追寻真理的过程不断的克服有限性向无限性趋近从而达到“梵我合一”的目的。死亡就是达到“梵我合一”的途径之一,对死亡意象或神秘或绚烂或坦然的姿态的描写,表达了诗人对于死亡的诗意哲思,呈现出一种形而上学的意蕴,同时使其死亡诗歌具有了丰富的美学意义和价值。
[Abstract]:Tagore's death poetry is a clear lotus in the vastness of the sea. It is in the world of the poet with rich image and profound connotation. Based on Tagore's death poetry, this paper further explains the aesthetic value of Tagore's death poetry and the performance of Tagore's aesthetic thought in the death poetry. This paper is divided into three parts: In the first chapter, the author makes a detailed analysis of the creation, main subject and connotation of the death poems of the Tagore, and classified and summarized the death image in his death poems on the basis of the text collation, at the same time, to the death image. The death poems of Tagore pass through the poetry creation of the poet's life, from the poetry set of the youth of the first time of death. The poet falls into the net of death, and through the eye of death, the whole life and life are turned on. The subject of "death" can be said to be one of the most important poems of the poet, and there is almost all the death of the poet in every collection of the poet, and the theme of death "has a mysterious and sacred theme. The thought connotation of the death poem mainly includes the deep thought and the sense of opening to death, to the God's praise and death, and the life is full of three. The image of death is unique in Tagore's poetry, whether it is traveling, dog or mother, wedding, and can be put on the wings of the poet's philosopher in the poetic boundary of the Taiweng. The image of death is mainly divided into the direct narrative image and the indirect descriptive sense. In the second chapter, the main factors and the poet's death concept that influence the formation and death of the Tagore's death view and the death of the poet are discussed in detail in the second chapter. The first is the influence of the traditional culture of India, and the Hindu thought (mainly the philosophy) is the most important part of Tagore's religious philosophy. In addition, Buddhism, Christianity and the western modern thought are also produced by him. The poet, at the same time absorbing the essence, also removes his backward and foolish side, thus forming his own. The view of religious philosophy. From the angle of literature, Sanskrit classical literature, the Middle Ages Vishnu and the Western literature mainly influence the poet Literary creation. It can be said that both religious philosophy and literature, the traditional culture of India has a great significance for Tagore. A profound effect. It is mainly the "The Reincarnation of the Reincarnation" and the "I'm in one." in the creation of the poetry of death. The second is the death of the Brahman family, and the death of the Tagore's death view and the death of the poem. The impact of creation. The successive leaving of the loved ones brought heavy pain to the Tagore, and also brought the poet to life and death. Deep thinking. Finally, there is a western culture thought for Tagore's death and death poetry. The influence of the creation is that Tagore's view of death has experienced three stages of development, such as the "Be sure to die.", the "negative death" and the "to go beyond death". The pain of the death of the family and the positive factors in the western culture build their own unique "I'm going to die." 【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I351.072

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