《愤怒的回顾》中的游戏精神

发布时间：2019-05-30 04:44

【摘要】：2012年6月6日，英国剧作家约翰奥斯本创作于1956年的名作《愤怒的回顾》在伦敦的约克公爵剧院复演，重新引发了英国国内观众对该剧的关注，而此前不久在美国纽约百老汇及劳拉佩尔斯剧院该剧亦多次被搬上舞台，同样好评如潮。时隔半个多世纪，《愤怒的回顾》依然活跃于舞台之上，足以见得其不减当年的文学价值和生命力。《愤怒的回顾》被誉为英国当代戏剧的里程碑，有着举足轻重的地位，西方学者和评论界对其的探讨和评论从未间断。相较之下，中国国内对该剧的了解和关注较少，本文旨在通过剧中主人公之间的互动小游戏，从游戏精神的视角分析该剧的文学意义和价值，进而探讨该剧对英国戏剧和文化的影响和贡献，希望更多文学爱好者能感受该剧的魅力。此前国内外对该剧的研究主要集中于戏剧写作手法、心理分析、话语分析、现实主义、女性主义、新历史主义和戏剧美学等方面，上述论点多以当时社会政治经济文化为背景，从宏观的角度对该剧进行分析和研究。而本文试图通过贯穿全剧的主人公之间的小游戏为对象，运用游戏精神理论对这一特殊现象进行分析，首先探讨该剧游戏场景和人物刻画中体现的游戏精神，其次从创新的戏剧写作手法中发掘奥斯本创作过程中的游戏精神，，最后阐述奥斯本对英国乃至西方文化中游戏精神的继承和发扬。本文探讨剧中人物的心路历程，找出其在幻想中逃离现实的深层次原因，探寻该剧的历史语境及其反映出的现实问题，阐述该剧对英国戏剧和文化的贡献，进而探索该剧对当下人的影响和启示。本文正文部分共分四章。第一章对游戏精神进行整体性介绍，包括游戏精神理论在西方文化和文学中的起源和发展、本文主要借鉴的赫伊津哈的游戏理论，以及游戏精神与《愤怒的回顾》的联系。第二章主要阐述该剧游戏场景和剧中人物的游戏精神体现，首先具体分析剧本中游戏场景的展开、刻画及其对剧情发展的作用，其次探讨剧中人物游戏精神的体现、形成原因及其代表性。第三章研究游戏精神在奥斯本的创作过程中的展现和影响，奥斯本独特的戏剧写作风格和天才的文字驾驭能力反映出他不拘泥于传统的个性，敢于大胆创新和试验，体现出他内心的游戏精神。第四章从文化层面论述《愤怒的回顾》对西方游戏精神的传承和发扬，首先回顾游戏精神在近代英国和西方世界的衰退，其次阐明奥斯本通过该剧呼唤游戏精神的回归，并进一步发扬，拉开了英国国内轰轰烈烈的文化和社会变革，充分体现了其文学价值和贡献。《愤怒的回顾》真实地反映了二十世纪五十年代的英国社会，本文通过全新的游戏精神视角进行探讨，以求对该剧有崭新和全面的认识，展现以该剧为代表的英国当代戏剧的魅力和影响力。
[Abstract]:On June 6, 2012, John Osborne, a British playwright, reappeared at the Duke of York Theater in London in 1956, reviving the attention of British audiences to the play. Not long ago, the play was put on stage many times at Broadway and Lola Peres Theater in New York, and it was also well received. More than half a century later, angry Review is still active on the stage, enough to see its literary value and vitality. The Review of anger is regarded as a milestone in contemporary British drama and plays an important role. Western scholars and critics have never stopped discussing and commenting on it. In contrast, there is little understanding and attention to the play in China. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the literary significance and value of the play from the perspective of game spirit through the interactive Mini Game between the protagonists in the play. Then it discusses the influence and contribution of the play to British drama and culture, and hopes that more literary enthusiasts can feel the charm of the play. Before that, the research on the play at home and abroad mainly focused on drama writing techniques, psychological analysis, discourse analysis, realism, feminism, new historicism and drama aesthetics. Most of the above arguments are based on the social, political, economic and cultural background at that time. This paper analyzes and studies the play from a macro point of view. This paper attempts to analyze this special phenomenon by using the theory of game spirit through Mini Game, which runs through the protagonists of the whole play, and first discusses the spirit of the game embodied in the game scene and characterization of the play. Secondly, it explores the game spirit in the process of Osborne's creation from the innovative drama writing techniques, and finally expounds Osborne's inheritance and development of the game spirit in British and even western culture. This paper probes into the psychological course of the characters in the play, finds out the deep-seated reasons why they escape from reality in their fantasies, explores the historical context of the play and the realistic problems reflected in it, and expounds the contribution of the play to British drama and culture. Furthermore, it explores the influence and enlightenment of the play on the present people. The main body of this paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the game spirit as a whole, including the origin and development of the game spirit theory in western culture and literature, the game theory of Huizinga, and the relationship between the game spirit and the Review of anger. The second chapter mainly expounds the game scene of the play and the embodiment of the game spirit of the characters in the play. First, it analyzes the development of the game scene in the script, the depiction and its function to the development of the plot, and then discusses the embodiment of the character game spirit in the play. The cause of formation and its representativeness. The third chapter studies the display and influence of the spirit of the game in the process of Osborne's creation. Osborne's unique drama writing style and genius's writing ability reflect that he is not confined to the traditional personality and dares to innovate and experiment boldly. It reflects the spirit of the game in his heart. The fourth chapter discusses the inheritance and development of the western game spirit from the cultural point of view. First, it reviews the decline of the game spirit in modern England and the western world, and then expounds that Osborne calls for the return of the game spirit through the play. And further carried forward, opened up the vigorous cultural and social changes in England, fully reflected its literary value and contribution. The Review of anger truly reflects the British society of the 1950s. This paper discusses it from a new perspective of game spirit in order to have a new and comprehensive understanding of the play. Show the charm and influence of the contemporary British drama represented by the play.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.073

【共引文献】