北京市海淀区初中器械体操教学保护与帮助运用情况的调查研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 18:30

本文关键词：北京市海淀区初中器械体操教学保护与帮助运用情况的调查研究　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：体操教学是学生锻炼身体、增强体质、培养正确的身体姿态塑造健美身形以及培养团结互助、磨练意志和进行美育的主要内容,其独特的教育和健身效果是其它项目无法代替的。然而有些中学因为器械体操课具有危险性而被取缔,追溯其原因,除了因为场地设施受限制、家长对体操认识的片面性和排斥心理、以及体操教师短缺的问题之外,不能保证学生的安全是阻碍体操课进行的最重要因素。体操项目最重要的教学方法便是保护与帮助,科学而又合理的保护与帮助的运用是器械体操课程顺利进行的前提保证。本文主要通过问卷调查法、访谈法、数理统计法对北京市海淀区开展器械体操课并具有代表性的7所初中进行了调查,针对体操课程的开展情况、保护与帮助的运用情况、实施与效果、存在的问题,通过分析得出:1、各个学校器械体操的开展情况一般,学校对器械体操的重视程度不够,不同学校开展器械体操的内容相对较简单,保护与帮助运用的重视程度不够。2、男女教师比例略微失衡,男教师人数相对较多,而女教师人数偏少;体操教师所占比例太低,在所调查的7所学校中体操教师仅为3.1%,严重不足。3、教师对保护与帮助的认知程度相对较好,但是掌握情况不容乐观。4、学生对器械体操的兴趣大多数持中立态度,对器械体操中保护与帮助的运用的掌握情况不好,需要教师的积极引导与教授。5、教师运用保护与帮助的方法手段相对传统保守,有待创新与加强,以便于提高学生的学习积极性,做到因材施教,区别对待。6、学生对器械体操各项目希望得到教师保护与帮助的程度由深及浅依次为:单杠双杠支撑跳跃垫上技巧。教师需加强单杠和双杠两项的保护与帮助力度,引导学生们熟练掌握器械体操保护与帮助的技术要领。7、学生在器械体操课各项目的学习中都希望得到老师的保护与帮助,对同伴的保护与帮助比较信任;其中大部分女生对异性老师的保护与帮助比较介意。因此,需要纠正学校、家长、师生对器械体操的偏见并加强三者的重视程度;调整男女教师比例;加大体操专项教师在体育教师中的比例;加强器械体操保护与帮助理论与实践课培训的广度和深度;研发出更多具有创新性的适合初中生进行保护与帮助的方法与手段。这将有利于器械体操课程教学中教师和学生们合理地运用保护与帮助防止伤害事故的发生,有利于提高器械体操教学效果;有利于器械体操在海淀区的顺利开展。
[Abstract]:Gymnastics teaching is the main content of students' physical training, strengthening their physique, cultivating correct body posture, shaping bodybuilding, cultivating solidarity and mutual aid, training their will and carrying out aesthetic education. Its unique educational and fitness effects cannot be replaced by other events. However, some middle schools have been banned because of the dangerous nature of the equipment gymnastics classes, with the exception of restricted facilities. The parents' understanding of gymnastics is one-sidedness and rejection, as well as the shortage of gymnastics teachers. The most important factor that hinders the gymnastics class is not guaranteed the safety of the students. The most important teaching method of gymnastics is to protect and help. Scientific and reasonable use of protection and help is the prerequisite for the smooth implementation of the instrument gymnastics curriculum. This paper mainly through the questionnaire method, interview method. The mathematical statistics method has carried on the investigation to the Beijing Haidian District to carry on the instrument gymnastics class and has the representative 7 junior high school to carry on the investigation, according to the gymnastics curriculum development situation, the protection and the help application situation, the implementation and the effect. Through the analysis of the problems, we can draw the conclusion that the development of each school instrument gymnastics is general, the school does not pay enough attention to the instrument gymnastics, and the content of the instrument gymnastics in different schools is relatively simple. The importance of protection and help use is not enough, the ratio of male and female teachers is slightly unbalanced, the number of male teachers is relatively large, and the number of female teachers is relatively small; The proportion of gymnastic teachers is too low, in the 7 schools surveyed, gymnastics teachers are only 3.1, seriously insufficient. 3. The teachers' cognition of protection and help is relatively good, but the situation is not optimistic. 4. Most of the students' interest in instrument gymnastics is neutral, and the use of protection and help in instrument gymnastics is not good enough, which requires the active guidance of teachers and the teaching of .5. The methods of protection and help by teachers are relatively conservative and need to be innovated and strengthened in order to improve students' learning enthusiasm, to teach students according to their aptitude and to treat them differently. The degree of teachers' protection and help for each item of instrument gymnastics is: horizontal bar and parallel bar support and jump pad skills. Teachers need to strengthen the horizontal bar and parallel bar two items of protection and help. To guide the students to master the technical essentials of equipment gymnastics protection and help. The students hope to get the teacher's protection and help in the study of each item of the instrument gymnastics class, and trust their peers' protection and help. Most of the girls care more about the protection and help of heterosexual teachers. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the prejudice of school, parents, teachers and students to instrument gymnastics and strengthen the importance of the three; Adjusting the ratio of male and female teachers; Increase the proportion of special gymnastic teachers in physical education teachers; To strengthen the scope and depth of the training of the theoretical and practical courses to strengthen the protection and help of the instrument gymnastics; To develop more innovative methods and means suitable for junior high school students to protect and help them, which will be helpful to teachers and students to use protection and help to prevent injury accidents in the teaching of instrument gymnastics course. It is beneficial to improve the teaching effect of instrument gymnastics; It is beneficial to the smooth development of instrument gymnastics in Haidian District.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96

【参考文献】