化学前沿知识融入高中化学教学的应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 22:08

  本文关键词： 高中化学 前沿知识 应用研究　出处：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全面推进素质教育是国家对全社会的要求,同时《普通高中化学课程标准》要求:了解20世纪化学发展的基本特征和21世纪化学的发展趋势,了解人类探索物质结构的价值,认同"物质结构的探索是无止境的"的观点。因此化学教学需要的不仅仅是经典理论知识的传递,更应该着眼于学科发展及前沿知识的拓展,学生通过自身需要来树立学习兴趣,这对于学生获得与掌握知识、开阔思维、科学素养的培养都有积极影响。因此,在中学化学教育教学中,融合化学前沿知识教育,对于学生的培养有重要借鉴意义。本文以最近发展区理论、建构主义学习理论、教育心理学理论、马斯洛需要层次说为理论基础,通过文献梳理得出相应研究现状与相关概念界定,以教材中科学素养为着手点进行化学前沿知识的拓展,从高中化学的化学基本概念和基本理论、元素与化合物、有机化学基础、化学计算、化学实验与化学工业知识等六大方面,整理高中人教版八本教材中涉及的化学前沿知识部分内容。依据教学目标设计教师与学生问卷,得出化学前沿知识在教学中的现状,高中化学教材内容与知识对学生的吸引力不够,各方面知识点的受关注度不均衡,学生对于化学前沿知识的意识有待培养,对社会发展的需要重视度不够,未意识到科学探究的重要性,教师对化学前沿知识应用于教学中存在的障碍。根据得出问题和相关分类,探求使学生需要、教师传授、教学要求有机统一的方法,列举相应素材案例,提出前沿知识选取建议,为一线教师提供参考。
[Abstract]:To promote quality-oriented education in an all-round way is the national requirement for the whole society. At the same time, the "Chemistry Curriculum Standard of General Senior Middle School" requires: to understand the basic characteristics of chemistry development in 20th century and the development trend of chemistry in 21th century. Understand the value of human exploration of material structure, agree that "the exploration of material structure is endless," so chemistry teaching needs more than the transmission of classical theoretical knowledge. More should focus on the development of disciplines and the development of frontier knowledge, students through their own needs to establish interest in learning, for students to acquire and master knowledge, open thinking, scientific literacy has a positive impact. In the middle school chemistry education teaching, the fusion chemistry frontier knowledge education, has the important reference significance for the student's cultivation. This article uses the theory of the proximal development area, the constructivism study theory, the educational psychology theory. Maslow needs the hierarchy theory as the theoretical basis, through the literature combing out the corresponding research status and related concepts, with the teaching materials of scientific literacy as the starting point to expand the frontier knowledge of chemistry. From the chemistry basic concept and the basic theory, the element and the compound, the organic chemistry foundation, the chemistry computation, the chemistry experiment and the chemical industry knowledge and so on six big aspects. According to the teaching objectives, teachers and students are designed to obtain the current situation of chemical frontier knowledge in teaching. The contents and knowledge of senior high school chemistry teaching materials are not attractive enough to students, the attention of all aspects of knowledge points is not balanced, students' awareness of chemistry frontier knowledge needs to be cultivated, and the need for social development is not paid enough attention to. Not aware of the importance of scientific inquiry, teachers of chemical frontier knowledge in the application of teaching obstacles. According to the problems and related classification, to explore the needs of students, teachers impart. The teaching demands organic unified method, enumerates the corresponding material case, puts forward the forward knowledge selection suggestion, provides the reference for the front line teacher.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8
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本文编号：1471680