基于图像系统的初中生地理空间能力培养研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 04:21

本文关键词： 初中地理教科书图像系统地理空间能力　出处：《河北师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：空间能力作为人类的基本技能之一,在人类社会发展和科学研究中扮演着重要的作用,地理学在培养学生的空间能力方面起着不可替代的作用。而“如何培养学生的地理空间能力”一直是地理教育家和初中地理教师普遍关注的焦点问题之一,但目前我国关于如何提高初中生地理空间能力的研究还不够系统和全面,地理学科对空间能力的研究亟待加强。本研究主要通过以下方法进行：第一,采用了文献研究法,通过文献资料研究了国内外关于地理空间能力和地理图像系统教学的现状,从中获取了大量的有用信息；第二,采用了问卷调查法和访谈调查法进行研究,选取石家庄市第二中学和赞皇县第一中学的学生进行了问卷调查,对两所中学的部分教师通过问卷和访谈的方式进行了调查,发现由于受多方面因素的影响,学生整体的地理空间能力均较低,教师在运用图像系统培养学生的地理空间能力方面存在着较大的差异；第三,本研究的理论基础为多元智能理论、有意义学习理论和现代地图学理论,以此来总结提高学生地理空间能力的策略；第四,对最新审核通过的人教版初中地理教科书的图像系统进行分类、总结和统计,明确每一类图像的含义、主要功能以及在教科书中的数量与分布,结合现阶段的地理课程标准和地理教学目标,应用案例分析法,探索结合图像系统特点培养学生地理空间能力的策略。本研究将最新修订的人教版初中地理教科书中的地理图像按照表现形式和应用特点分为地图、景观图、统计图、示意图和复合图五大类。对地图、景观图、统计图和示意图分别制定了“明确要求—确定位置—找出关系—绘图与用图”、“读图名—描特征—定位置—析成因—总规律”、“读图名—读坐标—读数据—揭规律”以及“定位置—析要素—揭历程—总规律”的教学策略,并运用案例分析法结合案例进行说明,使得图像系统能够更好地融入到课堂教学,提高学生利用图像系统的技能,培养学生的地理空问能力,从而促进初中生多元智能的发展。
[Abstract]:As one of the basic human skills, space capability plays an important role in the development of human society and scientific research. Geography plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students' spatial ability, and "how to cultivate students' geospatial ability" has always been one of the focuses of geography educators and junior high school geography teachers. However, the research on how to improve the geospatial ability of junior high school students in our country is not systematic and comprehensive enough, and the research on spatial ability of geography subject needs to be strengthened urgently. This research is mainly carried out through the following methods: first, the method of literature research is adopted. Through the literature research on the status quo of geospatial ability and geographic image system teaching at home and abroad, obtained a lot of useful information. The students of Shijiazhuang No. 2 Middle School and the first Middle School of Zanhuang County were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, and some teachers of the two middle schools were investigated through questionnaires and interviews, and it was found that the students were affected by many factors. The students' overall geospatial ability is low, teachers have great differences in using image system to cultivate students' geospatial ability. Third, the theoretical basis of this study is the theory of multiple intelligences. Meaningful learning theory and modern cartography theory to sum up the strategies to improve students' geospatial ability; 4th, to classify, summarize and statistics the image system of the newly approved junior high school geography textbooks, Make clear the meaning of each kind of image, the main function and the quantity and distribution in the textbook, combine the present geography curriculum standard and geography teaching goal, apply the case analysis method, To explore the strategy of cultivating students' geospatial ability in combination with the characteristics of image system. In this study, the geography images in the newly revised junior middle school geography textbooks are divided into map, landscape map and statistical map according to their form of expression and application characteristics. Five categories of schematic and composite maps. For maps, landscape maps, The statistical charts and schematic diagrams have formulated "clear requirements-definite position-find out the relationship-drawing and using diagram", "name of the reading map-description feature-fixed position-analysis cause of formation-general law", "name of the reading map-reading coordinate-reading data-uncovering law", respectively. And the teaching strategy of "fixed position-analysis of elements-uncovering course-general rule", The application of case analysis method combined with case studies can make the image system better integrate into the classroom teaching, improve the students' skills of using the image system, cultivate the students' ability of asking questions in geography, and thus promote the development of junior high school students' multiple intelligences.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.55

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