《分子与细胞》模块教学中物理模型建构的实践研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 07:03

本文选题：《分子与细胞》模块 + 物理模型　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中学生物学课程的基本任务是培养学生的生物科学素养,通过培养学生的科学态度和科学精神、科学思维与方法、以及对生物学基本原理的掌握,使其成为具有一定科学素质的未来公民。模型方法是了解自然界和培养科学思维的重要方式。《普通高中生物课程标准》中规定了高中生掌握科学方法时模型建构的基本要求,明确指出了模型方法及其建构能力培养在高中生物学习中的重要性。与传统的直观教学相比,物理模型建构教学法不仅能使学生用物理模型将宏观世界和微观世界的被描述对象表达为直观的中观世界的内容,使学生在习得知识的同时,掌握学习该知识的方法,同时建模方法还有助于学生将来进行科学研究,更好地解决生活和工作中的问题。因此,高中生物教学中增强学生物理模型建构思维和方法的训练,对于培养学生的创新精神、提高学生物理模型建构的能力是非常必要的。本研究以海拉尔铁路第一中学高一学生为实验对象,采用访谈调查法、案例分析法、课堂观察法和行动研究法,在高中生物《分子与细胞》模块教学中开展了物理模型建构的实践研究,结果发现:(1)海拉尔铁路第一中学学生生物理模型建构能力较差的主要原因是:学生概述某些生物概念的能力较差、阐明某些重要的生理过程时常常不完整、分析某种生命现象所蕴含的生命规律时摸不着头绪、不习惯或不善于使用物理模型建构知识等。(2)在《分子与细胞》模块的实践教学中,通过典型案例训练学生学习物理模型建构的一般方法,可以使学生较系统地理解物理模型建构的相关知识,明确物理模型建构的原则、一般步骤和方法。(3)在本模块的物理模型建构过程中,合理运用角色扮演、问题驱动、小组合作等多种教学策略,不仅可以提高学生的生物学学习兴趣,改进学生的学习方式,还可以训练学生的建模思维,培养和增强学生的模型建构能力。本研究总体上收到了良好的教学效果。笔者建议一线教师应进一步重视和加强物理模型建构的应用研究,在教学实践中提高物理模型建构的理论水平及操作能力,促进学生的全面发展。
[Abstract]:The basic task of biology course in middle school is to cultivate students' biological scientific literacy, to cultivate students' scientific attitude and spirit, scientific thinking and methods, and to master the basic principles of biology. Make it become a certain scientific quality of future citizens. Model method is an important way to understand nature and cultivate scientific thinking. The basic requirements of model construction when senior high school students master scientific methods are stipulated in the Biology Curriculum Standard of General Senior Middle School. This paper points out the importance of model method and its constructive ability training in senior high school biology learning. Compared with the traditional intuitive teaching, the physical model-building method can not only make students express the contents of the macroscopic world and the micro-world as the contents of the visual meso-world, but also make the students acquire knowledge at the same time. At the same time, the method of modeling is helpful for the students to carry out scientific research and solve the problems in life and work. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the training of students' thinking and methods of constructing physics model in biology teaching in senior high school, in order to cultivate students' innovative spirit and improve their ability of constructing physics model. This research takes the Hailaer railway first middle school high school students as the experimental object, adopts the interview investigation method, the case analysis method, the classroom observation method and the action research method, The practical research on the construction of physical model was carried out in the teaching of molecular and cell modules in senior high school biology. It was found that the main reason for the poor students' ability to construct the physical model of students in the first Middle School of the Hailaer Railway was that the students' ability to outline certain biological concepts was poor, and it was often incomplete to elucidate some important physiological processes. When analyzing the life law contained in a certain life phenomenon, it is difficult to understand, not accustomed to, or not good at using physical models to construct knowledge, etc.) in the practical teaching of "molecule and Cell" module, By training students with typical cases to learn the general method of constructing physical model, students can understand the relevant knowledge of physical model construction more systematically, and make clear the principle of physical model construction. In the process of constructing the physical model of this module, the rational use of many teaching strategies, such as role-playing, problem-driven and group cooperation, can not only enhance students' interest in biology learning, but also improve their learning methods. It can also train students' modeling thinking and enhance their ability of model building. On the whole, this study has received good teaching effect. The author suggests that first-line teachers should pay more attention to and strengthen the applied research of physical model construction, improve the theoretical level and operational ability of physical model construction in teaching practice, and promote the all-round development of students.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.91

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