初中生物教学中实现科学素养教育的实践研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 09:29

本文选题：初中生物教学 + 实现　；参考：《延安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着时代的发展,科学知识、科学技术与社会的联系越发紧密,作为社会的主体应具备良好的科学素养。教育是培养公众科学素养的重要途径之一,我国已在2001年将科学素养教育的相关理念引入了中学生物的课程目标之中。本文首先通过查阅文献资料对中外科学素养教育的研究现状进行了梳理,并阐释了科学素养教育研究的理论基础和相关的重要概念,明确了研究目的和意义,确立了研究内容与研究方法。其次,在实践研究活动中,以咸阳市Z校的师生为调查对象,利用问卷和访谈的形式开展调查研究,结合调查问卷的结果,针对该校实现科学素养教育的近况做出分析并提出改善途径。最后,通过实验教学,对比分析教学案例实施的效果,观察学生们的课堂表现并且利用SPSS19.0软件对学生成绩进行独立T检验,经过统计与分析后对教学效果做出评价,并归纳和总结出有效实现科学素养教育应注意的问题。Z校师生的调查问卷结果显示,Z校在实现科学素养教育方面还有一定欠缺,学生的科学知识,能力与认知有待培养与提高。例如,部分学生对初中生物的学习兴趣不够浓厚、学习态度不端正、对科学知识重要性的认识欠佳、缺乏科学的思维习惯等;教师在开展教与学活动时缺乏以学生为主体的意识、较少设置探究实验,引导与联系不足等。笔者认为应从两方面对现状进行改善,首先,在学生层面上,学生应该对生物学科有准确的认知、具有良好的学习习惯、认识事物的发展规律。其次,在教师层面上,教师应该重视自身综合素质的发展、在课堂中培养学生的学习兴趣与积极性、结合课本STS板块,教学方法注重理论联系实际、培养学生辩证思维能力、采用游戏法进行课堂反馈、积极开展课外活动。因此,笔者采用不同的教学方法,在实验班的课堂中实施提出的改善途径。在教学案例的实践后,发现通过重视实现科学素养教育可以增加学生的科学知识;提高科学思维品质;对学生科学态度与认知的培养有所帮助;同时学生的成绩有了显著的提高。表明了从以上两方面可以有效开展实现科学素养教育活动。
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, scientific knowledge, science and technology are more and more closely related to the society, as the main body of society should have good scientific literacy. Education is one of the important ways to cultivate the scientific literacy of the public. In 2001, the related concepts of scientific literacy education were introduced into the curriculum objectives of middle school biology. This paper firstly combs the research status of scientific literacy education at home and abroad by consulting literature, and explains the theoretical basis and related important concepts of scientific literacy education, and clarifies the purpose and significance of the research. The research contents and methods are established. Secondly, in the practical research activities, taking the teachers and students of Xianyang Z school as the objects of investigation, using the form of questionnaire and interview to carry out the investigation and research, combining the results of the questionnaire, This paper analyzes the current situation of scientific literacy education in this school and puts forward some ways to improve it. Finally, through the experiment teaching, compares and analyzes the teaching case implementation effect, observes the student's classroom performance and uses the SPSS 19.0 software to carry on the independent T test to the student's achievement, after statistics and analysis, makes the appraisal to the teaching effect. The results of the questionnaire of teachers and students in school Z show that there are still some deficiencies in realizing the education of scientific literacy, and the students' scientific knowledge, ability and cognition need to be cultivated and improved. For example, some students are not strong enough in junior high school biology study interest, learning attitude is not correct, the importance of scientific knowledge is not well understood, lack of scientific thinking habits, and so on; Teachers lack the consciousness of taking students as the main body, less setting up inquiry experiment, insufficient guidance and connection when carrying out teaching and learning activities. The author thinks that the present situation should be improved from two aspects. Firstly, at the student level, students should have an accurate understanding of biology, have good study habits and understand the development law of things. Secondly, at the teacher level, teachers should attach importance to the development of their own comprehensive quality, cultivate students' interest and enthusiasm in class, combine the STS plate of textbooks, pay attention to the combination of theory and practice, and cultivate students' dialectical thinking ability. Adopt game method to carry on classroom feedback, develop extracurricular activity actively. Therefore, the author adopts different teaching methods to implement the proposed ways of improvement in the classroom of the experimental class. After the practice of teaching cases, it is found that the scientific literacy education can increase the students' scientific knowledge, improve the quality of scientific thinking, and help the cultivation of students' scientific attitude and cognition. At the same time, the students' scores have been significantly improved. It shows that the scientific literacy education can be carried out effectively from the above two aspects.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.91

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