义务教育视角下学校体育伤害事故国家责任研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 20:37

【摘要】：我国是一个发展中国家,在实行改革开放,建立社会主义市场经济的今天,教育尤其是义务教育越来越受到重视。义务教育是强制的、基础的教育。公民接受义务教育是满足人性的需要,是满足公民在社会竞争的需要,是满足国家、社会发展的需要。学校体育是义务教育的重要内容,又是实现全面发展的重要手段。然而在学校体育的开展过程中,学校体育风险伤害事故不可避免的存在着。由于立法的滞后,学校体育伤害事故的责任认定方面,无论在理论或是司法实践中都存在争议,这样导致学校在出现了学校体育伤害事故后常常不知所措。以目前的现状看,学校体育伤害事故已经成为阻碍义务教育学校体育发展的重要问题。本文从法学、教育学和学校体育学的角度对义务教育学校体育伤害事故的责任归属问题进行分析。以期解决学校体育中的一些实际问题,使义务教育学校体育顺利开展,促使学生全面发展。本文除前言与结语外,还包括下述3大部分:第一部分:采用案例和理论相结合的方式,对义务教育学校体育伤害事故责任的司法现状进行研究,分析当前处理学校体育伤害事故所采用的归责原则。从分析中指出司法现状中公平责任原则的适用问题,即义务教育学校体育意外伤害事故责任的归属问题。通过侵权法和义务教育儿童最大利益原则的视角证明学校体育伤害事故不适用公平责任原则,进一步突出“义务教育学校体育意外伤害事故责任”由谁来承担这个问题?第二部分:通过义务教育受教育权实现的国家责任理论和义务教育成本分担的国家责任理论这两个角度,论证国家在义务教育学校体育意外伤害事故中的责任。再通过对学生、学校、国家之间的关系,进一步阐述了国家承担学校体育意外伤害事故补偿责任,即学校体育固有风险造成的伤害责任,而并不应该承担学校、教师、学生因过错原因造成的学校体育伤害事故责任。第三部分:通过对理论和司法实践的现状进行分析,根据本文论证内容——国家承担义务教育学校体育意外伤害事故责任这一观点。提出健全义务教育学校体育伤害事故的法律保障体系;健全学校体育风险转移机制,扩大事故救济渠道的建议。促使学校体育科学发展,以期实现学生全面发展。
[Abstract]:China is a developing country. Today, education, especially compulsory education, has been paid more and more attention to when we are carrying out reform and opening up and establishing socialist market economy. Compulsory education is compulsory, basic education. Compulsory education for citizens is to meet the needs of human nature, to meet the needs of citizens in social competition, to meet the needs of national and social development. School physical education is an important content of compulsory education and an important means to achieve comprehensive development. However, in the process of school sports development, school sports risk injury accidents inevitably exist. Due to the lag of legislation, the responsibility of school sports injury accident, whether in theory or judicial practice, there are disputes, resulting in school in the school sports injury accident often do not know what to do. According to the present situation, school sports injury accident has become an important problem that hinders the development of compulsory school sports. This paper analyzes the responsibility attribution of sports injury accidents in compulsory schools from the angles of law, pedagogy and school physical education. In order to solve some practical problems in school physical education, make the compulsory school sports develop smoothly and promote the students to develop in an all-round way. In addition to the preface and conclusion, this paper also includes the following three parts: the first part: using the method of case and theory to study the judicial status of the responsibility of sports injury accident in compulsory education school. This paper analyzes the principle of imputation adopted in dealing with school sports injury accidents. This paper points out the application of the principle of fair responsibility in the present judicial situation, that is, the attribution of the responsibility for sports accident in compulsory education schools. From the perspective of tort law and the principle of the best interests of children in compulsory education, it is proved that the principle of fair liability is not applicable to school sports injury accidents, and who should bear the responsibility for accidental injury accidents in compulsory education schools? The second part: through the theory of national responsibility to realize the right to compulsory education and the theory of national responsibility of compulsory education cost sharing, the author demonstrates the responsibility of the state in the accident of sports accident in compulsory education school. Through the relationship among students, schools and countries, this paper further expounds that the state should bear the responsibility of compensation for accidental injuries in school sports, that is, the responsibility for injuries caused by inherent risks in school sports, but not for schools and teachers. Students are responsible for school sports injury accidents caused by fault. The third part: by analyzing the current situation of theory and judicial practice, according to the content of this paper, the state should bear the responsibility of sports accident in compulsory school. This paper puts forward the suggestion of perfecting the legal guarantee system of sports injury accident in compulsory education school, perfecting the risk transfer mechanism of school sports, and expanding the channel of accident relief. To promote the development of school sports science, in order to achieve the all-round development of students.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96

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