高中生地理规律学习障碍研究
发布时间：2018-11-11 20:07
【摘要】：地理规律是关于地理事物与地理现象在发展变化中的本质联系和必然趋势。地理教材中,规律知识分布范围十分广泛。而在高中规律知识的学习中,学生时常会出现各种各样的学习问题与障碍,导致学生学习思维混乱和迷茫。地理规律学习关乎地理学习的成败。故本文站在学生角度,对高中地理规律学习障碍的研究,显得十分必要。在借鉴前人研究成果的前提下,本文以地理学习理论、信息加工理论、多元智能与认知学习理论为基础,结合高中地理规律教学的实际情况,运用文献分析、课堂观察、问卷调查与逻辑分析等多种研究方法和手段,对高中生地理规律的学习障碍进行研究。以加涅信息加工理论为基础,把学习过程划分为动机、理解、保持与应用四个阶段,依次对这四个阶段出现的学习障碍进行归因分析。通过对地理规律学习过程中动机、理解、保持和迁移四个阶段学习障碍的归因分析,发现学生在地理规律学习动机阶段存在障碍主要由学习兴趣较为缺乏、对地理规律畏惧心理严重、外部推动力不足和懒惰心理等因素造成;地理规律理解阶段存在障碍主要是学生对初中地理知识储备不足、学习习惯较差、学习能力较弱以及教师对规律教学策略的选用等原因导致;地理规律保持阶段存在障碍主要由于学生对记忆的排斥、记忆方法单一以及复习不及时等因素导致;地理规律迁移阶段存在障碍主要与学习材料、认知结构、学法指导、思维定式有着莫大的联系。因本研究主要立足于教学过程中,故将其与原因进行整合,主要从教学活动两大主体——教师和学生出发,针对障碍的克服方法进行了探讨。学生方面,主要从培养良好的学习习惯、克服懒惰、加强与生活经验的联系、锻炼分析问题与解决问题的能力等方面着手寻求克服障碍的方法。教师方面,首先要转变过往态度,重视高中地理规律教学、调动学生内驱力,激发学习兴趣、合理安排教学,优化课堂教学、讲求科学教学方法、加强学法指导和重视情感教育角度出发探讨帮助学生克服障碍的措施。
[Abstract]:The law of geography is about the essential relation and inevitable trend between geographical things and geographical phenomena in the course of development and change. In geography teaching material, the law knowledge distribution scope is very extensive. However, in the study of law knowledge in senior high school, students often appear various learning problems and obstacles, which leads to confusion and confusion of students' learning thinking. The study of geography law relates to the success or failure of geography study. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the study of high school geography law learning disability from the point of view of students. Based on the theory of geography learning, the theory of information processing, the theory of multiple intelligences and cognitive learning, and the actual situation of geography law teaching in senior high school, this paper makes use of literature analysis and classroom observation. Questionnaire and logic analysis are used to study the learning disability of geography law of senior high school students. On the basis of Gagne's information processing theory, the learning process is divided into four stages: motivation, understanding, maintenance and application, and the attribution analysis of learning disabilities in these four stages is carried out in turn. Based on the attribution analysis of learning obstacles in the four stages of learning motivation, understanding, maintenance and transfer, it is found that the main obstacle of students in the learning motivation stage of geography law is lack of learning interest. Serious fear of geographical laws, lack of external driving force and laziness; The obstacles in understanding geography law are mainly due to the lack of students' reserve of geography knowledge, poor learning habits, weak learning ability and teachers' choice of regular teaching strategies. The obstacles in the maintenance of geographical laws are mainly due to the students' rejection of memory, the single memory method and the lack of timely review. The obstacles in the phase of geographical law transfer are mainly related to learning materials, cognitive structure, learning method guidance and thinking pattern. Because this research is mainly based on the teaching process, it integrates with the reasons, mainly from the two main subjects of teaching activities, teachers and students, and discusses the ways to overcome the obstacles. In the aspect of students, we should try to find ways to overcome obstacles from the aspects of cultivating good study habits, overcoming laziness, strengthening the relationship with life experience, exercising the ability of analyzing and solving problems, and so on. As for teachers, first of all, they should change their past attitudes, attach importance to the teaching of geography laws in senior high schools, mobilize students' inner drive, stimulate their interest in learning, arrange teaching reasonably, optimize classroom teaching, and stress scientific teaching methods. From the angle of strengthening the guidance of learning methods and attaching importance to emotional education, the measures to help students overcome obstacles are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.55
本文编号：2325995
[Abstract]:The law of geography is about the essential relation and inevitable trend between geographical things and geographical phenomena in the course of development and change. In geography teaching material, the law knowledge distribution scope is very extensive. However, in the study of law knowledge in senior high school, students often appear various learning problems and obstacles, which leads to confusion and confusion of students' learning thinking. The study of geography law relates to the success or failure of geography study. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the study of high school geography law learning disability from the point of view of students. Based on the theory of geography learning, the theory of information processing, the theory of multiple intelligences and cognitive learning, and the actual situation of geography law teaching in senior high school, this paper makes use of literature analysis and classroom observation. Questionnaire and logic analysis are used to study the learning disability of geography law of senior high school students. On the basis of Gagne's information processing theory, the learning process is divided into four stages: motivation, understanding, maintenance and application, and the attribution analysis of learning disabilities in these four stages is carried out in turn. Based on the attribution analysis of learning obstacles in the four stages of learning motivation, understanding, maintenance and transfer, it is found that the main obstacle of students in the learning motivation stage of geography law is lack of learning interest. Serious fear of geographical laws, lack of external driving force and laziness; The obstacles in understanding geography law are mainly due to the lack of students' reserve of geography knowledge, poor learning habits, weak learning ability and teachers' choice of regular teaching strategies. The obstacles in the maintenance of geographical laws are mainly due to the students' rejection of memory, the single memory method and the lack of timely review. The obstacles in the phase of geographical law transfer are mainly related to learning materials, cognitive structure, learning method guidance and thinking pattern. Because this research is mainly based on the teaching process, it integrates with the reasons, mainly from the two main subjects of teaching activities, teachers and students, and discusses the ways to overcome the obstacles. In the aspect of students, we should try to find ways to overcome obstacles from the aspects of cultivating good study habits, overcoming laziness, strengthening the relationship with life experience, exercising the ability of analyzing and solving problems, and so on. As for teachers, first of all, they should change their past attitudes, attach importance to the teaching of geography laws in senior high schools, mobilize students' inner drive, stimulate their interest in learning, arrange teaching reasonably, optimize classroom teaching, and stress scientific teaching methods. From the angle of strengthening the guidance of learning methods and attaching importance to emotional education, the measures to help students overcome obstacles are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.55
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