近三年高考物理选考试题的对比分析研究

发布时间：2018-12-31 08:47

【摘要】：随着高中课程的改革,高中教学目标与课程标准也相应地发生着变化。教学目标应着眼于学生的终身发展,在教学中,我们不仅应该重视学生终身发展必须具备的基础知识与技能,我们更应该尊重学生的兴趣爱好、能力倾向的不同以及个性差异。新课程标准的基本理念指出,课程目标应注重提高学生的科学素养,课程内容应体现基础性、时代性、选择性,课程实施中提倡教学方式多样性,而在课程结构上则应体现课程的选择性。课程的选择性在课程改革中则表现为课程分为了必修模块和选修模块,必修模块的开展是为了全体学生掌握有利于终身发展的基础知识和技能,而选修模块的开展则是因材施教的学生观、谋求学生个性发展的重要体现。高考是我国最重要的人才选拔方式,是对学生有深远意义的重大考试。新高考与新课程改革相互联系、相辅相成,课程改革不断推进的同时,高考也呈现出对应的变化。随着新课程标准和普通课程方案的颁布,全国各省市陆续进入新高考,高考物理试题也被划分为必考模块和选考模块。在高考中,不同的参考人群可选择不同的选考模块进行作答以获取相应分数。本文以近三年全国各省市高考物理的选考试题为研究对象。结合各省市的考试方案和考试说明,对选考类型、选择方式、选考试题的分值比例、题型、知识点分布进行对比分析研究,进而得到结论并针对新课程改革下的物理高考提出个人的一些备考建议。本文主要通过文献研究法、数理统计法和对比分析法阐述了以下四部分的内容:第一部分是在新课程改革的背景下,由于高考与新课程改革之间的关系,研究物理高考选考试题对推进课程改革,实现新课程标准的目标有着现实意义;第二部分是高考改革、新课程改革的推进过程和对高中物理新课程标准的解读,以及高考对教学的功能性探究;第三部分统计、分析了近三年全国各省市物理高考选考试题,并总结试题各方面的特点;第四部分是通过对研究对象的分析从而得到的结论和提出备考建议。
[Abstract]:With the reform of senior high school curriculum, high school teaching goals and curriculum standards are changing accordingly. In teaching, we should not only attach importance to the basic knowledge and skills that students must possess in their lifelong development, but also respect the students' interests and hobbies, different aptitude and personality differences. The basic idea of the new curriculum standard points out that the curriculum goal should focus on improving the students' scientific literacy, the curriculum content should embody the basic, the times, the selectivity, the curriculum implementation advocates the variety of teaching methods. On the other hand, the choice of curriculum should be reflected in the structure of curriculum. In the course of curriculum reform, the curriculum is divided into compulsory modules and elective modules, and the required modules are carried out for all students to master basic knowledge and skills conducive to lifelong development. The development of elective module is an important embodiment of students' personality development. College entrance examination is the most important way to select talents in our country, and it is of great significance to students. The new college entrance examination and the new curriculum reform are interrelated and complement each other. While the curriculum reform continues to advance, the college entrance examination also presents corresponding changes. With the promulgation of the new curriculum standard and the general curriculum program, the provinces and cities of the country have entered the new college entrance examination one after another, and the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination are also divided into the required examination module and the selective examination module. In the college entrance examination, different reference groups can choose different test modules to get the corresponding scores. This paper studies the physics of college entrance examination in all provinces and cities of China in the past three years. Combining with the examination plan and test explanation of each province and city, this paper makes a comparative analysis and study on the types, ways of selection, the proportion of score, the type of questions and the distribution of knowledge points of the selected examination questions. Finally, the author draws a conclusion and puts forward some personal suggestions for the physics college entrance examination under the new curriculum reform. This article mainly through the literature research method, the mathematical statistics method and the contrast analysis method elaborated the following four parts content: the first part is under the new curriculum reform background, because of the university entrance examination and the new curriculum reform relations, It is of practical significance to study the physics college entrance examination questions in order to promote the curriculum reform and realize the goal of the new curriculum standard. The second part is the reform of college entrance examination, the advancement process of the new curriculum reform and the interpretation of the new curriculum standard of physics in senior high school, as well as the functional exploration of the college entrance examination on teaching; The third part of the statistics, analysis of the last three years of the national physical examination of provinces and cities, and summed up the characteristics of all aspects of the test; the fourth part is through the analysis of the research object to get the conclusion and put forward suggestions for preparation of the examination.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.7

【参考文献】