高中物理教学中自制教具的应用研究

发布时间：2019-01-08 20:12

【摘要】：物理学的发展依赖于实验,而实验过程中的重要资源之一就是自制教具。物理教师运用自制教具进行教学能将复杂抽象的理论知识变得通俗易懂,易于学生理解和掌握。但是,自制教具在当今高中物理课堂教学中并没有运用得像预想的那样广泛,许多教师还没有完全认识到自制教具独特的价值。笔者通过自己的高中教学实践,制作了一些简便易行的教具进行实验来说明高中物理教学中自制教具的应用价值,便于其它高中物理教师参考。本文包括五部分内容。第一部分为前言。首先阐述了选题的背景、目的和意义;其次,综述了国内外研究的现状;最后叙述了研究的内容、方法和理论基础。第二部分为自制教具的理论研究。首先解释了自制教具的定义,并总结了其特点;其次,对高中物理教学中自制教具的作用作了详细的叙述;最后概述了自制教具的一些要求。第三部分列举了高中物理教学中自制教具相关的三个具体案例。包括激光扫描法简谐振动正弦曲线演示仪、伽利略理想斜面实验演示装置、多功能楞次定律演示仪。第四部分是笔者亲自运用自制教具在高中物理课堂教学中进行的实践研究。实验班在对照班以讲授为主的教学方式的基础上运用自制教具进行教学,实验结束后通过对高中物理学习兴趣调查问卷、高中物理实际课堂中自制教具的制作使用情况及重要性调查问卷、运用自制教具进行高中物理教学的效果调查问卷的数据对比分析,并整理了对一些学生的课后访谈内容,发现高中物理教学中运用自制教具开展的教学效果十分明显。第五部分是结束语。首先总结了本研究得出的几点重要结论;其次,在展望中指出本研究存在的一些不足之处,希望能得到完善。笔者希望通过本文能为有志于运用自制教具进行教学的物理老师提供借鉴和参考,同时也希望自制教具能尽快地在实际教学中广泛地开展起来。
[Abstract]:The development of physics depends on experiments, and one of the important resources in the process of experiment is homemade teaching aids. Physics teachers use self-made teaching aids to teach complicated and abstract theoretical knowledge, which is easy for students to understand and master. However, homemade teaching aids are not widely used in physics classroom teaching in senior high school nowadays, and many teachers have not fully realized the unique value of homemade teaching aids. Through my own teaching practice in senior high school, the author makes some simple and easy teaching aids to illustrate the application value of self-made teaching aids in physics teaching in senior high school, which is convenient for other senior high school physics teachers to refer to. This paper includes five parts. The first part is the preface. First, the background, purpose and significance of the topic are described; secondly, the current situation of domestic and foreign research is summarized; finally, the content, method and theoretical basis of the research are described. The second part is the theoretical study of self-made teaching aids. This paper first explains the definition of home-made teaching aids and summarizes its characteristics; secondly, it gives a detailed description of the role of self-made teaching aids in physics teaching in senior high school; finally, it outlines some requirements of self-made teaching aids. The third part enumerates three concrete cases of self-made teaching aids in physics teaching in senior high school. It includes laser scanning instrument for simple harmonic vibration sine curve demonstration device for Galileo ideal oblique plane and multifunction Lenz law demonstration instrument. The fourth part is the author's own use of self-made teaching aids in high school physics classroom teaching practice. The experimental class used self-made teaching aids to teach on the basis of the teaching-oriented teaching method in the control class. After the experiment, the questionnaire was used to investigate the interest in physics learning in senior high school. The use and importance of home-made teaching aids in the physical classroom of senior high school are investigated, and the data of the questionnaire on the effect of teaching physics in senior high school are compared and analyzed, and the contents of the interviews with some students after class are arranged. It is found that the effect of using self-made teaching aids in physics teaching in senior high school is very obvious. The fifth part is the conclusion. At first, some important conclusions of this study are summarized. Secondly, some shortcomings of this study are pointed out in the future, and the author hopes to be perfected. The author hopes that this paper can provide reference and reference for physics teachers who are interested in teaching with homemade teaching aids, and also hope that homemade teaching aids can be widely developed in practical teaching as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.7

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