清代衡平民事裁判的司法文化

发布时间：2018-03-16 01:06

本文选题：清代　切入点：民事审判　出处：《中央民族大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长久以来,清代民事审判制度的性质就是中外法律史学界最点的话题之一。其中以滋贺秀三为代表的日本学者和以黄宗智为代表的美国学者相继提出清代中国民事诉讼乃“以情论”和“依法论”的结论。然而,纵观《历代判例判牍》中所记载的大量清代司法实践,我们可以发现清代的民事审判既没有像黄宗智所宣称的那样严格“依律法裁判”,也没有像滋贺秀三所描述的那样“翻云覆雨”,而是在平衡两造利益原则下的一种“衡平裁判”。当然,中国的“衡平裁判”并不同于西方严格意义上的衡平法。也正是在此基础上,导致了中国独具特色的传统司法文化的形成。本篇文章通过对现有清代司法理论的相关评价,在分析大量的清代地方民事司法审判的基础之上,总结出清代的民事司法审判实质上是从“利益”的视角出发,以平衡涉案双方的利益为目的,通过对“法”与“情”二要素的综合运用,进而化解案件当事人之间的恩怨与纠纷,最终实现维护大清帝国的统治秩序与稳定的终极目标。这种独特的“衡平裁判”的司法文化具有不可替代的社会功能,是与当时中国的社会现实相适应的。
[Abstract]:For a long time, one of the most properties of the civil judicial system in Qing Dynasty is the Chinese and foreign legal history topic. Among them with Shiga Luoxiu 3rd as the representative of the Japanese scholars and with Huang Zongzhi as the representative of the United States have been proposed in the Qing Dynasty China civil litigation is "emotion theory" and "law theory" conclusion. However, in the case of past dynasties "to record a large number of slips" judicial practice of Qing Dynasty, we can find the civil trial in the Qing Dynasty is not like Huang Zongzhi's claim that "in accordance with the law strictly judge", nor as "like Shiga Luoxiu 3rd as changeable as clouds and rain" described a "equitable judgment", but in principle, both the balance of interests in the course. China, the "equitable judgment" is different from the West in the strict sense of equity. It is on this basis, leads to the formation of the traditional judicial culture China unique.
This article is based on the existing theory of judicial appraisal of the Qing Dynasty, on the basis of analysis of a large number of the Qing Dynasty local civil justice foundation, summed up the Qing Dynasty civil judicial trial is essentially from the angle of "interest" perspective, in order to balance the interests of both parties involved for the purpose, through the comprehensive use of "law" and "feeling" the two elements, and then resolve grievances and disputes between the parties, and ultimately achieve the ultimate goal of maintaining the rule of order and stability of the Qing Empire. This unique "equitable judgment" of the judicial culture has irreplaceable social function, and then Chinese to adapt to the social reality.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D926

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