我国立法听证制度现状及发展分析

发布时间：2018-03-29 10:16

本文选题：立法听证　切入点：经验　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：立法听证制度已经日益成为我国各级立法机关开展立法工作时的重要组成部分。本文试图从一个立法工作者的角度出发,回顾我国立法听证理论和实践的探索道路,总结分析我国立法听证制度的现状及存在的问题,对完善发展我国立法听证制度提出自己的设想和建议。本文共分三章。第一章介绍我国立法听证制度的建立、发展及现状,主要通过大量实例和数据,对我国立法听证制度的情况进行全面客观的描述,简要分析并指出我国立法听证制度与国外立法听证制度的不同。第二章总结我国发展立法听证制度的经验,指出该制度目前存在的主要问题,是本文的重点。第一节总结了我国立法听证制度的七个方面经验,一是重视制度先导,引导人民群众有序参与地方立法；二是重视听证法规、听证事项的选择,确保解决重大实际问题；三是重视陈述人的确定,确保各方利益诉求充分表达；四是重视提前沟通,确保听证会取得实效；五是重视形式创新,确保降低成本、便民利民；六是重视听证意见的消化吸收,将听证效果落实到法规条文中；七是重视系统工程建设,发挥立法听证的宣传带动作用。第二节指出了目前我国立法听证制度存在的两大主要问题：一是立法听证的规范化、制度化程度不高；二是立法听证的程序、规则不统一,科学合理性有待于进一步提高,具体包括听证的发起程序比较混乱、立法和行政等机关参与听证的身份地位比较混乱、选择陈述人的原则不统一、听证的规则程序不统一、听证结果的形式不完全统一等五个方面。第三章提出了进一步发展完善我国立法听证制度的几点设想,是本文的核心。第一节建议制定法律,建立全国统一的立法听证制度,并重点规范以下五个问题：一是要区分不同的情形,确定相应的听证人,并初步设计了入口听证、内容听证、补充听证、联合听证等几种具体听证模式；二是要统一设定科学、规范的立法听证程序；三是要明确听证结果的法律地位；四是要建立、完善听证信息回应制度；五是要建立陈述人、旁听人信息登记和共享机制,避免出现“职业陈述人”。第二节建议科学选择听证模式,包括更广泛地应用网上听证的模式、充分挖掘传统立法听证模式的潜力等几个方面。
[Abstract]:The system of legislative hearing has increasingly become an important part of the legislative work of the legislative organs at all levels of our country. This paper attempts to review the exploration way of the theory and practice of the legislative hearing in China from the perspective of a legislator. This article is divided into three chapters. The first chapter introduces the establishment, development and present situation of the legislative hearing system in China. Mainly through a large number of examples and data, the situation of our country's legislative hearing system is described comprehensively and objectively. This paper briefly analyzes and points out the differences between the legislative hearing system of our country and that of foreign countries. Chapter two summarizes the experience of developing the legislative hearing system in our country, and points out the main problems existing in this system. The first section summarizes the experience of seven aspects of our country's legislative hearing system, one is to attach importance to the system guide, to guide the people to participate in the local legislation in an orderly manner, the other is to attach importance to the hearing laws and regulations, and the selection of hearing matters. To ensure the solution of major practical problems; third, to pay attention to the determination of the declarants, to ensure the full expression of the interests of all parties; fourth, to pay attention to communication ahead of time to ensure the actual results of the hearings; fifth, to attach importance to the innovation of forms, to ensure that costs are reduced, and to facilitate the people and the people; Sixthly, attach importance to the digestion and absorption of hearing opinions and implement the effect of hearing into the provisions of laws and regulations; seventh, attach importance to the construction of systems engineering, The second section points out two major problems existing in the current system of legislative hearing in our country: first, the standardization of the legislative hearing is not high, the degree of institutionalization is not high; the second is the procedure of the legislative hearing, the rules are not unified, The scientific rationality needs to be further improved, including the confusion of the initiation procedure of the hearing, the confusion of the status of the legislative and administrative organs participating in the hearing, the disunity of the principle of selecting the declarant, and the disunity of the rules and procedures of the hearing. The third chapter puts forward some tentative ideas to further develop and perfect the legislative hearing system in our country, which is the core of this paper. The first section proposes to formulate laws and establish a unified legislative hearing system throughout the country. It focuses on the following five issues: first, it is necessary to distinguish different situations, determine the corresponding hearing person, and preliminarily design several specific hearing modes, such as entrance hearing, content hearing, supplementary hearing, joint hearing, etc.; second, it is necessary to unify and set up science. Standard legislative hearing procedures; third, to clarify the legal status of the results of the hearings; fourth, to establish and improve the system of information response to the hearing; and fifth, to establish a mechanism for registering and sharing information between presenters and observers. The second section proposes to choose the hearing mode scientifically, including the wider application of the online hearing mode, and to fully tap the potential of the traditional legislative hearing mode.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D920.0

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