明清晋商团体中的“法”

发布时间：2018-03-30 10:21

本文选题：晋商团体　切入点：明清　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：晋商团体是我国历史上一个独特的商帮,其在我国明清法典中都缺乏“婚姻田土钱债”内容的基础之上,依靠其自身的团体的“法”的运行机制,一方面保障商业活动的正常持续发展,一方面减少和解决了不可避免的商业纠纷。本文主要通过着重分析明清时期晋商团体当中“法”的存在及其表征,其对商人团体内部的规制以及对商人团体外部社会关系的调节,说明我国明清时期晋商团体商业习惯法如何在保证本团体利益的前提下运行、发挥其作用。并以图对当今社会的一些问题提供借鉴。本文的“法”的内涵,将不局限在国家制定法的含义当中,在晋商团体的实际认识和应用中,是以中国传统法的多层次的表现出现的,其中不仅包括国家的律令,还有属于中国传统“礼”的部分。其具有习惯法的性质,以及我国明清社会条件下的自治法的特征。本文共分六个部分,由绪论及五个章节的内容组成。第一章为对明清商业团体中“法”的认识,共分两部分。说明本文所涉及的晋商团体的“法”的习惯法性质和自治法的特征,以及明清晋商团体“法”的表现:一为行规馆约,一为惩罚机制。第二章为晋商团体的产生、特征及表现。共分三部分。首先说明商业团体在明清经济发展的前提下适应社会要求而出现,晋商因为其所处的地理位置的便利、自然环境的不利农耕、民间社会的较高评价、国家的商业契机,而成为明清之际最为成功的商帮。其次说明晋商的地域特征,最后说明晋商团体的主要表现形式。第三章为明清晋商团体“法”的对内规制作用。共分四节。研究晋商团体“法”的对内的商业行为规制、违反商业规则的罚则以及晋商团体组织对这些规则的执行。晋商已经认识到规则的约束作用,并进一步认识到其的行为预设作用,以及晋商商事规则的义利精神内涵。第四章为晋商团体“法”的对外运作。共分四节。分别就晋商团体与牙行、官府、不同地域商帮、地方地棍无赖之间的关系分析晋商团体“法”的社会认可。第五章为晋商团体中的“法”与商业道德。共分两部分,分别说明晋商团体通过思想教化和规范制度两个方面建设和维护交易中的商业道德。晋商作为一个曾经出现在历史上的成功商业团体,有许多值得研究的地方,本文通过对其商业团体的法的运行角度对这一历史现象进行分析,通过法律史、经济史、社会文化史等多种方法的应用,期望能够说明其实际内涵,更能对当今社会起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:Shanxi Merchants Group is a unique business group in the history of our country. On the basis of the lack of the content of "Marriage Land and Land money debt" in the Ming and Qing codes of our country, it relies on its own organization's "Law" operating mechanism. On the one hand, it guarantees the normal and sustainable development of commercial activities, on the other hand, it reduces and resolves the inevitable commercial disputes. The regulation of the merchant group and the adjustment of the external social relations of the merchant group show how the commercial customary law of the Shanxi merchant group operated under the premise of guaranteeing the interests of the group during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Give play to its role. And in order to provide reference to some problems in today's society. The connotation of the "law" in this paper will not be limited to the meaning of the state law. In the actual understanding and application of the Shanxi merchants' organizations, it appears as the multi-level performance of the Chinese traditional law, which includes not only the laws and decrees of the state. It has the nature of customary law, as well as the characteristics of autonomy law under the social conditions of Ming and Qing dynasties. This paper is divided into six parts, which are composed of introduction and five chapters. The first chapter is the understanding of "law" in the commercial organizations of Ming and Qing dynasties, which is divided into two parts. As well as the Ming and Qing Jin Merchants Group "Law" performance: one for the trade rules and regulations, one for the punishment mechanism. The second chapter is the emergence, characteristics and performance of Shanxi business groups. It is divided into three parts. Firstly, it is explained that commercial groups appeared under the premise of the economic development of Ming and Qing dynasties, because of the convenience of their geographical position. The unfavorable farming of natural environment, the high evaluation of civil society and the commercial opportunity of the country became the most successful business groups in Ming and Qing dynasties. Secondly, the regional characteristics of Shanxi merchants were explained, and finally the main forms of expression of Shanxi merchants groups were explained. The third chapter is the internal regulation effect of Jin Merchants' Law in Ming and Qing dynasties. It is divided into four sections. The penalty of violating the commercial rules and the execution of these rules by the organizations of Shanxi merchants have recognized the binding role of the rules and the presupposition of their behavior, as well as the moral connotation of the commercial rules of Shanxi merchants. The fourth chapter is the external operation of Shanxi Merchants Group. It is divided into four sections. The social recognition of Shanxi Merchants Group "Law" is analyzed respectively on the relationship between Shanxi Merchants Group and Tooth Group, Government Office, different regional business groups and local scoundrels. The fifth chapter is "Law" and commercial morality in Shanxi Merchants' Group, which are divided into two parts, which respectively explain the construction and maintenance of commercial morality in the transaction by means of ideological enlightenment and normative system. Shanxi merchants, as a successful business group that appeared in history, have many merits to study. This paper analyzes this historical phenomenon from the perspective of the law of its commercial organizations, and through the history of law and economic history, The application of many methods, such as social culture history, is expected to explain its actual connotation and play a certain role in today's society.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929

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