公民意识教育与法治国家建设

发布时间：2018-04-25 13:00

本文选题：公民意识 + 公民意识教育　；参考：《济南大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：公民意识是一种特殊的社会意识,是对公民身份的集中反映,它在本质上是权利意识和义务意识的统一。公民意识主要由三个方面组成,即“公民的主体意识”、“公民的权利意识”和“公民的社会责任意识”。具体地说,公民意识是指从公民的法律资格、法律地位出发,对个人和国家、个人与社会以及公民之间相互的法律关系,对公民法定的权利义务关系,对法制原则等的认识、观念和心理活动的总和。公民意识的发展程度已经成为衡量一个国家法治建设水平的重要标志之一。培育公民意识能以一种集体的理性监督制约国家权力,使之能更好的保障和促进公民的权利和自由,推动法治国家建设。因此,培育和提高公民意识是法治国家建设的本质要求。健全的公民意识是法治国家建设的心理基础和社会文化基础,公民意识所包含的积极守法意识能够促使法治在开放、民主的环境中适应社会发展的需求,能够使权力制约和权利保障更加有效。公民意识为法律的有效实施提供了重要保障,是推动法治国家建设的内在驱动力,能够不断推动民主政治、立法民主、司法公正和法律监督的形成和发展,并为法治文化发展提供内在支撑。我国的公民意识还比较淡薄,其原因是多方面的,主要有:封建专制、人治传统制约了公民意识的形成;文化教育、公民教育水平低制约了公民意识的形成;法治文化、民主意识缺乏制约了公民意识的形成。改革开放以来,随着我国社会主义市场经济的建立,社会主义民主政治的稳步发展,广大社会成员的公民意识也有了显著的提高和增强。公民观念已经日益深入人心,社会成员对于公民身份的认同感有了明显的提高,而且不断增强其权利与义务的意识。公民的参与意识也逐步高涨,朝着积极趋势发展。加快建设社会主义法治国家,必须依赖于社会体系通过各种途径培养公民意识。第一,大力发展社会主义市场经济,塑造公民的主体自由意识和理性自律精神。第二,健全民主法治,在政治实践中造就公民意识。第三,保障社会团体的合法权利,在社会自治中催生公民意识。第四,发展文化教育事业,为培育公民意识提供文化素质保障。第五,合理利用网络公共空间,拓宽公民民主监督和政治参与的渠道。在中国进行公民意识教育和法治国家建设还任重道远。当前我国公民意识的缺失已经成为制约法治国家建设的核心因素,公民意识的发展和不断成熟是人的全面、自由发展的重要环节,也是社会主义法治国家建设的本质要求。培育公民意识,不仅关系到我国社会主义法治国家建设目标的实现,更是人的解放和全面发展的必然要求。相信通过深入、普遍的开展公民意识教育,必将培养具有良好的公民素养和社会责任感的现代公民,为实现我国社会主义法治国家建设的目标奠定坚实的基础。
[Abstract]:Civic consciousness is a special social consciousness and a concentrated reflection of citizenship. In essence, it is the unity of right consciousness and obligation consciousness. Citizen consciousness consists of three aspects, namely, citizen's subject consciousness, citizen's right consciousness and citizen's social responsibility consciousness. Specifically, citizenship consciousness refers to the understanding of the legal relations between individuals and countries, between individuals and society and between citizens, the legal rights and obligations of citizens, and the principles of legal system from the point of view of the legal qualifications and legal status of citizens, etc. The sum of ideas and mental activities. The development degree of citizen consciousness has become one of the important symbols to measure the level of a country's construction of rule of law. Cultivating citizen consciousness can restrict the state power with a collective rational supervision, make it better protect and promote the citizen's rights and freedoms, and promote the construction of the country ruled by law. Therefore, cultivating and raising citizen consciousness is the essential requirement of building a country ruled by law. Sound civic consciousness is the psychological basis and social and cultural basis of the construction of a country ruled by law. The positive sense of law-abiding contained in the civic consciousness can promote the rule of law to adapt to the needs of social development in an open and democratic environment. Can make power restriction and right safeguard more effective. Citizenship consciousness provides an important guarantee for the effective implementation of the law, is the internal driving force to promote the construction of a country ruled by law, and can continuously promote the formation and development of democratic politics, legislative democracy, judicial justice and legal supervision. And provides the internal support for the rule of law culture development. Our country's citizen consciousness is still weak, its reason is various, mainly includes: feudal autocracy, the tradition of rule of man restricted the formation of citizen consciousness, the low level of cultural education and citizen education restricted the formation of citizen consciousness, the rule of law culture, the rule of law culture, the rule of law culture, The lack of democratic consciousness restricts the formation of civic consciousness. Since the reform and opening up, with the establishment of the socialist market economy and the steady development of socialist democratic politics, the civic consciousness of the broad masses of social members has also been significantly improved and strengthened. The concept of citizenship has been more and more popular, and the social members' identity of citizenship has been improved obviously, and the consciousness of their rights and obligations has been constantly strengthened. The citizen's participation consciousness also rises gradually, develops toward the positive trend. To speed up the construction of a socialist country ruled by law, we must rely on the social system to cultivate civic consciousness through various ways. First, vigorously develop the socialist market economy and shape citizens' consciousness of freedom and rational self-discipline. Second, perfect democracy and rule by law, and cultivate civic consciousness in political practice. Third, protect the legal rights of social organizations, and promote civic awareness in the process of social autonomy. Fourth, the development of cultural and educational undertakings, for the cultivation of civic awareness to provide cultural quality protection. Fifth, make rational use of network public space and broaden the channels of citizen democratic supervision and political participation. There is still a long way to go for civic education and the building of a state ruled by law in China. At present, the lack of citizen consciousness has become the core factor that restricts the construction of a country ruled by law. The development and continuous maturation of citizen consciousness is an important link in the all-round and free development of human beings, and is also the essential requirement of the construction of a socialist country ruled by law. The cultivation of citizen consciousness is not only related to the realization of the goal of building a socialist country ruled by law, but also an inevitable requirement for the liberation and all-round development of human beings. It is believed that through the thorough and universal development of civic awareness education, modern citizens with good civic literacy and social responsibility will be trained, and a solid foundation will be laid for the realization of the goal of building a socialist country ruled by law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

【引证文献】