民国宪制设计的庞德方案:安全与自由的衡平

发布时间：2018-04-26 07:01

  本文选题：庞德 + 司法中心　； 参考：《比较法研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：近代中国政潮汹涌,立宪频仍,实验了欧美成功宪制的诸多范例,然未尝胜绩。国民政府根据孙中山博稽中外的五权宪法理论,绍承清季以来的立宪之路。美国法儒庞德此时应邀来华,试图以宪法文本的解释与适用取代政治道德、政治权势之变来实现宪法的制度化。其将三民主义解读为国族统一、私权保障与服务国家。服务国家对应孙文之万能政府;而私权保障则暗合孙文所谓"听人民的话"。庞德借助这一契合重构民国宪制,从而导向其以盎格鲁美国宪政民主模式为底本,因应服务国家中社会安全与个体自由衡平之需要的司法中心模式。具体而言之,即强势且独立的司法权、弱势立法权、必要而节制的行政扩权这一服务国家理念下维持文明生活方式不易的宪制方案。
[Abstract]:In modern China, the political tide is surging and constitutionalism is frequent. Many successful examples of European and American constitutions have been experimented with, but not victorious. On the basis of Sun Zhongshan's five-power constitutional theory, the National Government introduced the constitutional road since the Qing Dynasty. At this time, American Faroumand was invited to China to try to institutionalize the constitution by replacing the political morality and political power with the interpretation and application of the constitutional text. It interprets the three people's principles as the unity of the nation, the protection of private rights and the service of the country. Serving the country corresponds to Sun Wen's omnipotent government, while the protection of private rights is consonant with Sun Wen's so-called "listening to the people's words." Pound helped to reconstruct the constitution of the Republic of China, so as to guide his judicial center model, which is based on the Anglo-American constitutional democracy model and responds to the needs of balancing social security and individual freedom in the country. Specifically, a strong and independent judicial power, a weak legislative power, and a necessary and moderate administrative expansion is a constitutional plan which is difficult to maintain a civilized way of life under the concept of serving the country.
【作者单位】： 暨南大学知识产权研究院;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“罗马法与中国民法法典化研究(15BFX104)”的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D929
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本文编号：1804977