美国环境公共利益司法保护制度与实践及对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-05-12 03:00

本文选题：环境公共利益 + 司法保护　；参考：《环境保护》2017年21期

【摘要】：对美国环境公共利益司法保护的理论基础、主要诉讼类型、主要救济方式进行分析,得出美国环境公共利益司法保护制度建立在公共信托、私人检察总长、环境法私人实施、环境权以及公妨害理论基础之上。主要形成了公民诉讼、自然资源损害赔偿诉讼、环境行政行为司法审查以及公妨害诉讼四种诉讼类型。并在实践的基础上形成四种有特色的救济方式——禁止令、民事罚金、和解协议以及附加环境协议。通过上述分析为我国环境公共利益司法保护提供借鉴:尊重司法与行政的分工;探索建立针对环境保护抽象行政行为的司法审查制度;强化环境公益诉讼的预防功能;建立专门的环境基金制度及环境公益诉讼激励机制;探索环境公益诉讼多元化救济方式。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the theoretical basis, the main types of litigation and the main relief methods of the judicial protection of the environmental public interest in the United States, it is concluded that the judicial protection system of the environmental public interest in the United States is based on the public trust, the private attorney general, and the private enforcement of environmental law. On the basis of environmental right and public nuisance theory. There are four types of litigation: citizen action, natural resource damages lawsuit, environmental administrative action judicial review and public nuisance lawsuit. On the basis of practice, four special remedies are formed: prohibition order, civil penalty, settlement agreement and additional environmental agreement. Through the above analysis to provide reference for the judicial protection of environmental public interests in China: respecting the division of labor between judicature and administration; exploring the establishment of judicial review system for abstract administrative acts of environmental protection; strengthening the preventive function of environmental public interest litigation; To establish special environmental fund system and incentive mechanism of environmental public interest litigation, and explore diversified relief ways of environmental public interest litigation.
【作者单位】：武汉大学法学院;
【分类号】：D971.2;DD912.6

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