从《天台治略》看清代民事审裁依据

发布时间：2018-05-23 15:04

本文选题：《天台治略》 + 民事审判　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：长久以来,学界对中国清代司法审判中州县官裁断的依据争论不休,其背后存在的问题值得我们关注。本文拟以清代浙江地方司法档案《天台治略》为基础,将户婚、田土案件作为研究范围,通过个案分析的方法来探讨"律例"与"情理"在清代地方司法实践中的运用。本文共分为四个部分,首先在引言中介绍国内外学者对清代司法审判依据的研究现状,并提出本文拟论述的"情理"与"律例"在司法审判中的运用和二者之间关系问题。在第一章中,对《天台治略》文献、作者、写作背景、材料的真实性及研究价值进行简介。在第二章中,对户婚案件进行整理,分析户婚案件的审理依据。在第三章中,对田土案件的进行分类与整理,分析州县官员在审理田土案件时对审判依据的选择与适用。在第四章中,试图探讨"律例"与"情理"作为审判依据在司法实践中的运用,论述依据"情理"审判在清代的现实意义和积极影响。最后,通过分析得出结论。"情理"是清代州县官审理民事案件的主要依据,在处理因个案差异引起的"律例"和"情理"的适用冲突时,州县官员通常倾向不拘于"律例"规定而视个案情节从"情理"角度出发来审理案件并作出裁断。
[Abstract]:For a long time, scholars have been debating the basis of the ruling of county officials in the Qing Dynasty, and the problems behind it are worthy of our attention. Based on the local judicial archives of Zhejiang Province in Qing Dynasty, this paper takes the cases of household marriage and farmland as the scope of study, and discusses the application of "law" and "reason" in the local judicial practice of Qing Dynasty through the method of case analysis. This paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, in the introduction, the author introduces the current situation of scholars' research on the basis of judicial trial in Qing Dynasty, and puts forward the application of "reason" and "law" in judicial trial and the relationship between them. In the first chapter, the literature, author, background, authenticity and research value of "rooftop governance" are briefly introduced. In the second chapter, the case of household marriage is sorted out and the trial basis of the case is analyzed. In the third chapter, the author classifies and arranges the farmland cases, and analyzes the selection and application of the trial basis when the state and county officials hear the farmland cases. In the fourth chapter, the author tries to discuss the application of "law" and "reason" as the basis of trial in judicial practice, and discusses the practical significance and positive influence of the trial based on "reason" in Qing Dynasty. Finally, the conclusion is drawn through analysis. " Reasonableness "is the main basis for state and county officials to hear civil cases in Qing Dynasty. In dealing with conflicts of application of" laws "and" reasonableness "caused by differences in individual cases, State and county officials tend to judge cases from a "reasonable" point of view, regardless of the rules of law.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D929

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