《大清会典》与清代“典例”法律体系

发布时间：2018-06-28 22:35

本文选题：会典 + 律例　；参考：《中外法学》2017年02期

【摘要】：清代史料中保存了大量《大清会典》颁行、查询、解释、修改、增补、恢复休眠条款、对违反行为进行惩处等方面的史料,足证《大清会典》是清代实际行用的根本法,在"典例"法律体系中处于重心和基准的地位,绝非具文。认为《大清会典》是史书、政书、行政法典、行政法与根本法合一、综合性法典汇编的观点,低估了《大清会典》在清代法律体系中的地位。清代在明代的基础上,进一步以"典例"法律体系取代"律令"法律体系,在这一体系中,《会典》是纲,律例是目,前者高于后者,后者从属于前者。康熙、雍正时期,《大清律》成为《会典》的组成部分。嘉庆、光绪时期,《大清律例》成为《会典事例》的组成部分,律下降为《会典》的下位法。"律例"体系只是"典例"体系中的刑法部分,不足以全面概括清代法律体系的特征。
[Abstract]:A large number of historical materials concerning the promulgation, inquiry, interpretation, revision, addition, restoration of dormancy clauses and punishment for violations were preserved in the historical materials of the Qing Dynasty. Standing at the center of gravity and benchmark in the canonical legal system is by no means written. The viewpoint that the Qing Dynasty Code is a historical book, a political book, an administrative code, a combination of administrative law and a fundamental law, and a comprehensive compilation of codes understates the position of the Qing Dynasty. On the basis of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty further replaced the legal system of "law and order" with the "canon" legal system. In this system, the "canon" is the outline, the law is the object, the former is higher than the latter, and the latter is subordinate to the former. Kangxi, Yongzheng period, the law of the Great Qing Dynasty became a part of the "canon". During the period of Guang Xu, the laws and regulations of the Qing Dynasty became part of the "meeting examples", and the law was reduced to the inferior method of the "Hui Dian". " The legal system is only the part of criminal law in the system of canon, which is not enough to generalize the characteristics of the legal system of Qing Dynasty.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学法律学院;
【分类号】：D929

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