《多德—弗兰克法案》及对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-08-02 20:23

【摘要】：美国次贷危机自爆发以来，其影响不断扩大，以至于发展成为百年一遇的金融海啸，世界各国的经济都深受其害。次贷危机的爆发暴露了美国现行金融监管制度的缺陷，促使美国对其监管理念和监管体系进行反思，并对金融监管的方式方法进行新的探索，，《多德—弗兰克华尔街改革和消费者保护法案》就是美国政府在此次危机后进行大规模金融监管改革的立法尝试。《多德-弗兰克法案》重新审视了美国金融监管体系存在的缺陷，提出了设立金融稳定监管委员会和消费者金融保护局两大机构，强化监管金融衍生品，终结金融机构“大而不能倒”现状，监督信用评级机构等革新内容，被业界评论为自20世纪“大萧条”以来最严厉的金融监管改革法案。该法案针对性地填补了金融危机暴露出来的诸多监管漏洞，革新了金融监管理念，改革了金融监管模式，全面完善了美国金融监管体系和行业格局，对美国金融业和整个世界金融环境都产生了重大影响。但任何一项设计都不可能是完美无缺的，《多德-弗兰克法案》也存在诸多缺憾，如它并未彻底解决金融机构的监管套利行为，限制了银行的综合化经营进程，忽视了自律监管作用的发挥等，大大降低了法案的预期有效性,期待在今后的实践中进一步完善。由于金融市场尚未完全开放，我国金融体系和实体经济侥幸逃脱了此次危机的强烈冲击，但我们应该清醒地认识到我国金融监管尚存在着法律不健全、机制不完善、监管方式和手段单一等问题，若不尽快加以完善则难以抵御下次金融危机的冲击。为此，我们应立足我国国情，并借鉴国外立法经验，积极开辟出一条适合我国现状的金融监管改革之路。
[Abstract]:Since the outbreak of the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States, its impact has been expanding, so that it has developed into a financial tsunami once in a hundred years, and the economies of all countries in the world have suffered greatly. The outbreak of the subprime mortgage crisis exposed the defects of the current financial supervision system in the United States, and prompted the United States to reflect on its supervisory concept and regulatory system. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is the legislative attempt of the US government to carry out large-scale financial regulatory reform after the crisis. < Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. < Dode- The Frank Act re-examined the shortcomings of the financial regulatory system in the United States. He proposed the establishment of the Financial Stability Regulatory Commission and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to strengthen the supervision of financial derivatives, end the status quo of financial institutions "too big to fail", and supervise credit rating agencies, and so on. The industry has described it as the toughest financial regulatory reform act since the Great Depression in the 20 th century. The bill has filled in many regulatory loopholes exposed by the financial crisis, revolutionized the concept of financial supervision, reformed the financial regulatory model, and comprehensively improved the financial regulatory system and industry pattern in the United States. It has had a significant impact on the American financial industry and on the world financial environment as a whole. However, no design can be perfect. The Dodd-Frank Act also has many shortcomings. For example, it has not completely solved the regulatory arbitrage of financial institutions and restricted the process of comprehensive management of banks. It ignores the role of self-regulation, greatly reduces the expected effectiveness of the bill, and expects to be further improved in practice in the future. Since the financial market has not yet been fully opened, China's financial system and the real economy are lucky to escape the strong impact of the crisis. However, we should soberly realize that there are still imperfect laws and imperfect mechanisms in financial supervision in our country. It is difficult to resist the impact of the next financial crisis if it is not improved as soon as possible. Therefore, we should base ourselves on the national conditions of our country and draw lessons from foreign legislative experience, and actively open up a road of financial supervision reform suitable for the present situation of our country.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D971.2;D922.28

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