论作为民间规范司法适用形式的法律原则
发布时间：2018-08-22 07:24
【摘要】：对于民间规范的研究在学术界已经成为理论的热点之一,在司法裁判中适用民间规范也已经成为了事实。将民间规范纳入到司法裁判中时,有多种方式可供法官进行选择,法官如何在各种方式之间进行衡量不但是一个法律方法的问题更是一个是否尊重国家制定法的问题。民间规范可以通过法律原则的方式被纳入到司法裁判中,这是一种更加柔和的方式,对于法官来说可以向法律交待,对于当事人来说可以获得满意的结果。在我国形式法治都不能充分保证的情况下,试图通过民间规范达到实质上的法治是需要慎重的,法律原则的适用方式可以弱化民间规范对于国家制定法的冲击。 本文除了引言与结语之外,共分为五个部分。 第一部分,梳理民间规范的理论渊源,民间规范属于法社会学的范畴,是基于法律多元化为其分析框架的。我们的学者对于何为民间规范也有不同的学说。 第二部分,民间规范在司法实践的应用方式。对于民间规范在司法裁判中的表现状态可以分为事实、法律规则、法律原则、或者作为一种裁量的情节。在这一部分,分析了民间规范作为事实、法律规则、或者作为一种裁量的情节是如何在司法裁判中被适用的。 第三部分,法律原则司法适用实践分析。法律原则与法律规则的区别,从静态意义上的区别(确实性/模糊性),在适用中的区别以及对于法官自由裁量权不同的限定作用进行了分析。法律原则在司法适用时应当遵循的原则进行了分析,还有,不同于理论探讨的法律原则在实际的司法实践中又是如何被适用的。 第四部分,作为民间规范司法适用形式的法律原则。法律原则作为民间规范的一种司法适用形式可以缓和民间规范与国家制定法的对立关系,达到法律效果与社会效果的和谐。即使作为法律原则的方式适用,民间规范中的权利与义务也应当要与法律原则所蕴含的价值取向相一致,否则也不能适用。抽象的法律原则需要论证方可适用,具体化的民间规范可以成为论证的前提或理由。 第五部分,民间规范司法适用的局限性。民间规范通常在基层法院被适用,并且民间规范在司法中的适用依赖于法官对民间规范的背景知识,这些都体现出了民间规范在司法适中的局限性。法官在适用民间规范时并非完全自由,会受到国家制定法的约束,民间规范无论以何种方式被纳入到司法裁判中,都不应当无视国家制定法的价值取向。随着法治的完善,民间规范的适用空间是在不断的缩小而不是扩大,尽管对于民间规范的重要性才刚刚被认识到。
[Abstract]:The study of folk norms has become one of the hot topics in academic circles, and the application of folk norms in judicial adjudication has become a fact. There are many ways for judges to choose when bringing folk norms into judicial adjudication. How to judge how to measure among different ways is not only a question of legal method, but also a question of whether to respect the national law. Folk norms can be incorporated into the administration of justice by means of legal principles, which is a softer way, for judges can be explained to the law, for the parties can obtain satisfactory results. Under the condition that the formal rule of law in our country can not be fully guaranteed, it is necessary to be careful to try to achieve the rule of law in essence through the folk norms, and the application of the legal principles can weaken the impact of the folk norms on the national laws. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into five parts. The first part, combing the theoretical origin of folk norms, folk norms belong to the scope of sociology of law, is based on the diversity of law as its analysis framework. Our scholars have different theories about what folk norms are. The second part, the application of folk norms in judicial practice. For the performance of folk norms in judicial adjudication can be divided into facts, legal rules, legal principles, or as a discretion of the plot. In this part, the author analyzes how folk norms, as facts, rules of law, or as a discretionary circumstance, are applied in the administration of justice. The third part, the legal principle judicial application practice analysis. The differences between legal principles and legal rules are analyzed in terms of differences in static sense (certainty / fuzziness), differences in application and limitation of judges' discretion. The principles that should be followed in judicial application are analyzed, and how the legal principles, which are different from those discussed in theory, are applied in practical judicial practice. The fourth part, as the folk norms of the form of judicial application of the legal principles. The principle of law, as a form of judicial application of folk norms, can ease the antagonistic relationship between folk norms and national laws, and achieve the harmony between the legal effect and the social effect. Even if it is applied as a legal principle, the rights and obligations in the folk norms should be consistent with the value orientation contained in the legal principles, otherwise it will not be applicable. Abstract legal principles need to be proved before they can be applied, and concrete folk norms can be the premise or reason of argumentation. The fifth part, the limitation of folk norm judicial application. Folk norms are usually applied in grass-roots courts, and the application of folk norms in the judiciary depends on judges' background knowledge of folk norms, which reflects the limitations of folk norms in the judicial moderate. When applying folk norms, judges are not completely free and will be bound by the state law. No matter how the folk norms are brought into the administration of justice, they should not ignore the value orientation of the state law. With the perfection of the rule of law, the application space of folk norms is shrinking, not expanding, although the importance of folk norms has just been recognized.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90
本文编号：2196392
[Abstract]:The study of folk norms has become one of the hot topics in academic circles, and the application of folk norms in judicial adjudication has become a fact. There are many ways for judges to choose when bringing folk norms into judicial adjudication. How to judge how to measure among different ways is not only a question of legal method, but also a question of whether to respect the national law. Folk norms can be incorporated into the administration of justice by means of legal principles, which is a softer way, for judges can be explained to the law, for the parties can obtain satisfactory results. Under the condition that the formal rule of law in our country can not be fully guaranteed, it is necessary to be careful to try to achieve the rule of law in essence through the folk norms, and the application of the legal principles can weaken the impact of the folk norms on the national laws. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into five parts. The first part, combing the theoretical origin of folk norms, folk norms belong to the scope of sociology of law, is based on the diversity of law as its analysis framework. Our scholars have different theories about what folk norms are. The second part, the application of folk norms in judicial practice. For the performance of folk norms in judicial adjudication can be divided into facts, legal rules, legal principles, or as a discretion of the plot. In this part, the author analyzes how folk norms, as facts, rules of law, or as a discretionary circumstance, are applied in the administration of justice. The third part, the legal principle judicial application practice analysis. The differences between legal principles and legal rules are analyzed in terms of differences in static sense (certainty / fuzziness), differences in application and limitation of judges' discretion. The principles that should be followed in judicial application are analyzed, and how the legal principles, which are different from those discussed in theory, are applied in practical judicial practice. The fourth part, as the folk norms of the form of judicial application of the legal principles. The principle of law, as a form of judicial application of folk norms, can ease the antagonistic relationship between folk norms and national laws, and achieve the harmony between the legal effect and the social effect. Even if it is applied as a legal principle, the rights and obligations in the folk norms should be consistent with the value orientation contained in the legal principles, otherwise it will not be applicable. Abstract legal principles need to be proved before they can be applied, and concrete folk norms can be the premise or reason of argumentation. The fifth part, the limitation of folk norm judicial application. Folk norms are usually applied in grass-roots courts, and the application of folk norms in the judiciary depends on judges' background knowledge of folk norms, which reflects the limitations of folk norms in the judicial moderate. When applying folk norms, judges are not completely free and will be bound by the state law. No matter how the folk norms are brought into the administration of justice, they should not ignore the value orientation of the state law. With the perfection of the rule of law, the application space of folk norms is shrinking, not expanding, although the importance of folk norms has just been recognized.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90
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