弱势群体保护的法理思考
发布时间：2018-08-22 11:56
【摘要】：当前我国弱势群体问题越来越受到全社会的关注,对弱势群体的研究已不仅仅是社会学所研究的课题,政治学、法学也在不断加以关注深入研究弱势群体问题对于缓和当下社会矛盾冲突、加强社会管理创新、构建社会主义和谐社会都有重大意义。 从法学的角度研究弱势群体问题具有很强的理论意义和现实的指导作用。法学作为一门规范人们之间权利义务关系的学科,以权利的保障为核心内容。同时,法律又作为人们之间定纷止争的工具,它的颁布与实行对于规范人们的行为具有积极的指导意义。根据现有的研究成果,我国学者对于弱势群体保护的法理依据和解决途径还有必要进行深入探讨,特别是对新形势下弱势群体保护的具体内容还有待商榷。鉴于此认识,本文将依据法理学的具体内容,为弱势群体的保护提出切实可行的建议。 本文利用文献理论的研究方法,首先通过总结当前弱势群体的各种定义、成因和特征,围绕权利这一主要方面展开论述。 其次,结合法哲学和法的价值理论这两个理论框架,阐述古代中国和西方法哲学对“人”认识的不同,比较分析弱势群体保护不同的发展途径。在法的价值方面,论证弱势群体保护的平等价值、秩序价值和人权价值,坚持形式平等和实质平等相结合,建立合理的秩序和树立普遍人权的理念。在弱势群体保护的制度设计方面,坚持特殊保护和区别保护的原则,从立法、执法等各个层面加强和完善对弱势群体的保护。 最后,在倡导多元化的救济途径方面,分别利用宏观、中观、微观三个层次的保护体系,通过呼吁社会关注、加强制度建设、建立慈善团体与协会组织、构建多元化的纠纷解决机制、树立自我保护意识等具体制度的建设,加强国家与政府、团体与协会以及个人权利意识的构筑,对如何具体落实弱势群体保护提出可行性的建议。
[Abstract]:At present, the problem of vulnerable groups in our country is paid more and more attention to by the whole society. The study of vulnerable groups is not only a subject of sociological research, but also a subject of political science. The law is also paying close attention to the problem of the vulnerable groups. It is of great significance to ease the current social conflicts, strengthen the innovation of social management, and build a harmonious socialist society. It is of great theoretical significance and practical guidance to study the problem of vulnerable groups from the angle of law. As a discipline regulating the relationship between rights and obligations, law takes the protection of rights as the core content. At the same time, as a tool to settle disputes between people, the promulgation and implementation of the law has a positive guiding significance for standardizing people's behavior. According to the existing research results, it is necessary for Chinese scholars to further discuss the legal basis and solution of the protection of vulnerable groups, especially the specific contents of the protection of vulnerable groups under the new situation. In view of this understanding, this paper will put forward practical suggestions for the protection of vulnerable groups according to the concrete contents of jurisprudence. In this paper, by summarizing the definition, causes and characteristics of vulnerable groups, this paper discusses the main aspects of rights by using the research methods of literature theory. Secondly, combining the two theoretical frameworks of legal philosophy and value theory of law, this paper expounds the differences of understanding of "human" between ancient Chinese and western legal philosophy, and compares and analyzes the different development ways of protecting vulnerable groups. In terms of the value of law, this paper demonstrates the equal value, order value and human rights value of the protection of vulnerable groups, insists on the combination of formal equality and substantive equality, establishes a reasonable order and sets up the concept of universal human rights. In the aspect of the system design of the protection of the vulnerable groups, we should adhere to the principle of special protection and differential protection, and strengthen and perfect the protection of the vulnerable groups from the aspects of legislation and law enforcement. Finally, in advocating diversified relief approaches, using the protection system at the macro, meso and micro levels, respectively, by appealing for social attention, strengthening the system construction, and setting up charitable organizations and associations, The author puts forward some feasible suggestions on how to implement the protection of vulnerable groups by constructing diversified dispute resolution mechanism, establishing specific systems such as self-protection consciousness, strengthening the construction of consciousness of rights of the state and government, groups and associations, and individuals, and putting forward some feasible suggestions on how to implement the protection of vulnerable groups.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90
本文编号：2197029
[Abstract]:At present, the problem of vulnerable groups in our country is paid more and more attention to by the whole society. The study of vulnerable groups is not only a subject of sociological research, but also a subject of political science. The law is also paying close attention to the problem of the vulnerable groups. It is of great significance to ease the current social conflicts, strengthen the innovation of social management, and build a harmonious socialist society. It is of great theoretical significance and practical guidance to study the problem of vulnerable groups from the angle of law. As a discipline regulating the relationship between rights and obligations, law takes the protection of rights as the core content. At the same time, as a tool to settle disputes between people, the promulgation and implementation of the law has a positive guiding significance for standardizing people's behavior. According to the existing research results, it is necessary for Chinese scholars to further discuss the legal basis and solution of the protection of vulnerable groups, especially the specific contents of the protection of vulnerable groups under the new situation. In view of this understanding, this paper will put forward practical suggestions for the protection of vulnerable groups according to the concrete contents of jurisprudence. In this paper, by summarizing the definition, causes and characteristics of vulnerable groups, this paper discusses the main aspects of rights by using the research methods of literature theory. Secondly, combining the two theoretical frameworks of legal philosophy and value theory of law, this paper expounds the differences of understanding of "human" between ancient Chinese and western legal philosophy, and compares and analyzes the different development ways of protecting vulnerable groups. In terms of the value of law, this paper demonstrates the equal value, order value and human rights value of the protection of vulnerable groups, insists on the combination of formal equality and substantive equality, establishes a reasonable order and sets up the concept of universal human rights. In the aspect of the system design of the protection of the vulnerable groups, we should adhere to the principle of special protection and differential protection, and strengthen and perfect the protection of the vulnerable groups from the aspects of legislation and law enforcement. Finally, in advocating diversified relief approaches, using the protection system at the macro, meso and micro levels, respectively, by appealing for social attention, strengthening the system construction, and setting up charitable organizations and associations, The author puts forward some feasible suggestions on how to implement the protection of vulnerable groups by constructing diversified dispute resolution mechanism, establishing specific systems such as self-protection consciousness, strengthening the construction of consciousness of rights of the state and government, groups and associations, and individuals, and putting forward some feasible suggestions on how to implement the protection of vulnerable groups.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90
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，本文编号：2197029
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