论汉朝的赦免制度

发布时间：2018-01-28 06:34

本文关键词： 汉朝赦免制度制度完善　出处：《西南政法大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 赦免作为君主特权的重要表现之一,在我国封建时期的历史文献中屡屡出现,并且逐渐作为一项十分重要的制度而被历代君主承袭下来。我国赦免制度的起源可以上溯至上古时期,目前我国最古老的历史文献《尚书》中就有关于赦免的记载。汉朝是赦免制度的形成时期,汉朝频繁施行赦免的政治传统对后世影响颇深。因此,深入研究汉朝的赦免状况以及制度形态,有助于我们从源头上把握赦免制度的根本属性,进而对赦免制度有更加正确和深刻的认识。另外,赦免制度也是中国法律史上争论较为长久、激烈的问题之一,关于赦免适当与否的争论一直存在并在汉朝逐渐发展为三种比较有代表性的观点:支持说、驳斥说以及折衷说,而汉朝的赦免制度也在众多争议声中不断发展完善。目前,许多国家认识到赦免制度的重要性和必要性,并通过各种方式完善本国的现代赦免制度。我国在新中国成立后也曾施行过7次特赦,但自1975年特赦之后的三十多年来,赦免制度就逐渐消失在人们的视野之外,被束之高阁,再也没有实施过,而仅仅在宪法和一些刑事法律条文中对赦免制度有所涉及。但那些规定的内容都过于简单、抽象,对赦免的对象、程序、效力等均无明确、具体的法律规定,因而缺乏可操作性,赦免制度难以被真正适用,陷入了名存实亡的尴尬境地。鉴于此种情况,笔者认为赦免作为一种体现宽恕、仁慈的法律制度,对促进我国目前社会主义和谐社会的建设具有重大意义,我们确有必要重新认识赦免制度的重要性,进而在此基础上激活、完善我国的现代赦免制度。本文主要分为引言、正文、结语三大部分。引言部分简要说明本文的写作目的和意义、相关领域国内外研究现状、研究方法等。正文分为四个部分:第一部分,简单介绍赦免制度的历史源流,其中包括赦免制度的起源及其在春秋战国时期、秦朝时期的发展概况;第二部分,详细介绍汉朝赦免制度的发展概况,包括汉朝赦免制度的类型、程序、法律效力;第三部分,阐明汉朝赦免制度的思想基础及对其的评析,这部分和第二部分是本文的写作重点;第四部分,提出汉朝赦免制度研究的启示,其中包括新中国成立后的赦免制度以及完善中国现代赦免制度的必要性。结语部分则对全文进行总结性陈述。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important manifestations of sovereign privilege, pardon appeared frequently in the historical documents of feudal period in our country. And gradually as a very important system and inherited by successive monarchs. The origin of China's pardon system can be traced back to the ancient period. At present, there is a record of pardon in the oldest historical document in China, Shangshu. The Han Dynasty was the period of the formation of the amnesty system, and the political tradition of frequent implementation of pardon in the Han Dynasty had a profound impact on the later generations. In-depth study of the state of pardon and the form of the system in the Han Dynasty will help us grasp the fundamental attributes of the amnesty system from the source, and then have a more correct and profound understanding of the pardon system. Pardon system is also one of the most controversial and fierce issues in the history of Chinese law. The debate on the appropriateness of pardon has always existed and gradually developed into three more representative views in the Han Dynasty: support theory. Refutation and compromise theory, and the Han Dynasty pardon system has been in the midst of a lot of controversy. At present, many countries realize the importance and necessity of amnesty system, and improve their modern amnesty system by various means. But since 1975, more than 30 years after the amnesty, the amnesty system gradually disappeared from the eyes of the people, was shelved, never implemented. Only in the Constitution and some criminal law provisions on the pardon system involved. But those provisions are too simple, abstract, the object of pardon, procedures, effectiveness and so on are not clear, specific legal provisions. Therefore, the lack of operability, the amnesty system is difficult to be truly applicable, fell into an embarrassing situation. In view of this situation, the author believes that pardon as a kind of forgiveness, benevolent legal system. It is of great significance to promote the construction of the socialist harmonious society in our country at present. It is necessary for us to re-understand the importance of the amnesty system, and then activate and perfect the modern pardon system in our country on this basis. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction briefly explains the purpose and significance of this paper, and the current research situation at home and abroad in related fields. Research methods. The text is divided into four parts: the first part, a brief introduction of the history of the amnesty system, including the origin of the amnesty system and its development in the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, Qin Dynasty; The second part introduces the development of the amnesty system in the Han Dynasty in detail, including the types, procedures and legal effect of the pardon system in the Han Dynasty. The third part expounds the ideological basis of the pardon system of the Han Dynasty and comments on it. This part and the second part are the focal points of this paper. In the 4th part, the author puts forward the enlightenment of the research on the pardon system in the Han Dynasty, including the amnesty system after the founding of New China and the necessity of perfecting the modern pardon system in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D929;D925.2

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