协商与代表:政协的宪法角色及其变迁

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:57

本文关键词： 协商制宪转型复合代表制宪法角色　出处：《华东政法大学学报》2013年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：政协制度是中国现代立宪史的重要创造,是政治宪法的制度性表现,具有深厚的宪制功能、价值意蕴与演化潜力。在辛亥革命缔造中华民国的过程中,立宪派即开始以协商建国的政治自觉和担当介入制宪过程,形成了政协的早期传统与渊源。两党并立时代的民主政团仍然构成推动训政向宪政转变的重要动力。1945年的旧政协具有制宪预备会议的宪法功能,促成了中华民国宪法的颁布,但未能运用宪法化解主要政党之间的政治冲突。1949年的新政协直接作为制宪会议制定颁布了《共同纲领》,开启了大陆版的共和立宪序幕。伴随着新中国的社会主义改造,新政协逐步转型为非国家的政党协商制度和统一战线组织,但其制度角色并未定型,其在八二宪法体系内作为代表制要素的理论与制度空间依然巨大,从而成为未来宪政转型与成熟的重要议题之一。
[Abstract]:The system of the CPPCC is an important creation of the modern constitutional history of China, an institutional expression of the political constitution, with profound constitutional functions, value implication and evolutionary potential. In the process of founding the Republic of China during the 1911 Revolution. The constitutionalist school began to participate in the constitution-making process by negotiating the political consciousness of the founding of the people's Republic of China. It formed the early tradition and origin of the CPPCC. The democratic political group in the era of the two parties side by side still constituted an important driving force to promote the transformation of the political discipline to the constitutional government. In 1945, the old CPPCC had the constitutional function of the Constituent Preparatory Congress. The Constitution of the Republic of China was promulgated, but the Constitution was not used to resolve the political conflict between the major political parties. In 1949, the New CPPCC directly as the Constituent Assembly formulated and promulgated the Common Programme. With the socialist transformation of New China, the new CPPCC gradually transformed into a non-state political party consultation system and United front organizations, but its institutional role has not been finalized. The theory and system space of its representation system in the August second Constitution system is still huge, thus becoming one of the important topics of constitutional transformation and maturity in the future.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学法学院;北京航空航天大学人文与社会科学高等研究院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“君子参政:现代中国立宪进程中的政协问题”(项目号YWF-13-W-01)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D921.1
【正文快照】： 田飞龙(以下简称“田”):高教授,您好,很高兴应您之约继续就百年中国的宪政转型主题展开进一步的讨论。我注意到最近两三年您在学术研究的重心上有一定的调整,即从侧重早期现代宏观思想背景梳理的政治思想史层面转换到侧重百年中国宪政转型的政治宪法学层面。这一学术调整的

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