埃利希的“活法”论探析

发布时间：2018-01-31 03:25

本文关键词： 法活法社会团体民间法　出处：《上海师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 欧根·埃利希（Eugene Ehrlich）是奥地利著名法学家，他终生致力于法学理论的研究和创新，笔耕不辍，被公认为“法律社会学之父”，对法社会学这一法学流派的创立立下了汗马功劳。他所提出的“活法”论在19世纪末20世纪初传统实证分析法学派统领法学潮流的时代充满了创新精神，散发着激情和活力，在西方法学史上留下了浓重的一笔。本文的核心观点旨在通过对埃利希“活法”论的梳理和分析，发掘其理论中的精髓和合理内核，客观评价其理论在法学史上的贡献，并结合我国当下关于民间法的热烈探讨和研究现状，指出这一理论对我国民间法研究的启示，，以及民间法在法治建设中的作用和意义。本文可能的创新点和难点在于：本文将检视埃利希的“活法”论中关于法律的定义、法规范的来源、“活法”论的本体论意义和方法论意义，指出其在法学发展史上的贡献与不足。进而将对“活法”理论的关注与我国民间法的研究作适度联系，可以根据我国的具体国情和当下的社会条件吸取“活法”中有助于我国法治建设的精华，同时认清其局限性，剔除其与我国国情和社会现实格格不入的成分，完善民间法的研究。而本文的难点在于对其“活法”理论进行深入探析的文章确是屈指可数。而且，埃利希本人的著作国内引进翻译的也是凤毛麟角，故此对于宏观上的把握和全面分析造成了一定的困难。本文拟定的基本思路主要是：首先在第一章中介绍“活法”论提出的时代背景和理论渊源。阐明17、18世纪自然法思想和萨维尼习惯法理论对埃利希的巨大影响，使埃利希的法律观产生了剧烈的变化。他不再信奉实证分析法学派关于国家法一统天下的法律一元论，逐渐开始挖掘国家法之外更为广阔和重要的“活法”；第二章就是对“活法”的本体论层面进行一个梳理分析。首先，用翔实的证据和严密的论证批判了传统法学流派对于法概念的歪曲，之后对法规范的概念进行了重新界定。并在此基础上提出了“活法”的概念，进而解释“活法”是社会团体的内部秩序，是真正支配生活本身的法律。然而，埃利希的“活法”论自始就不是作为一种单纯的法学理论而创立的，他坚持理论与方法同等重要，所以这一理论是一种理论与方法论的结合——“活法”还是一种研究的方法；故此，在第三章中，详细从方法论层面对“活法”论进行了剖析。对“活法”的来源、“活法”的发现、发现方法以及自由的判决方法等几个方面展开分析论述；第四章，是在综合分析“活法”论的基础之上对它在法学史上作用的一个客观评判，指出了它的理论贡献和不足；第五章结合我国当下民间法的研究热潮，阐述了一些“活法”论的研究中有助于民间法研究的一些建议，并结合适当案例说明了民间法在我国法治建设中的地位和应有之意；最后在结语中对全文做总结性的陈述并展开对本文自身的批判。
[Abstract]:Eugen Ehrlich (Eugene Ehrlich) is a famous jurist in Austria, research and innovation, devoted his life to the legal theory of the Academy, and is recognized as the "father of the sociology of law, sociology of law the law school made distinctions won in battle. He founded the proposed" living law "theory in the late nineteenth Century early twentieth Century the traditional empirical analysis and legal age full of the spirit of innovation, exudes passion and vitality in western legal history there is a strong one.
The key point of this paper aims to carding and analysis of Ehrlich's "living law" theory, to explore the essence of his theory and reasonable, objective evaluation of its theoretical contribution in the history of law, and combining with the discussion and research status about our current civil law, points out the implications of this theory to the study of folk law in China the significance and the folk law in the construction of rule of law.
This paper points out the innovation and the difficulty lies in the definition of law this article examines Ehrlich's "living law" theory, the source of legal norms of "living law" theory of ontological and methodological significance, points out its contribution in the history of the development of the law and shortcomings. Then research on the "living law" theory concerned with the folk law in China make contact, according to the specific conditions and the social conditions in China from "elite contributes to the construction of rule of law in China living law", and recognize its limitations, rejecting the conditions of our country and social reality incompatible components, study and improve the civil law and the difficulty of this paper is on the theory of "living law" to conduct in-depth analysis of articles are rare. Moreover, Ehrlich works on the introduction of domestic translation are very rare, so the macro control and comprehensive analysis It caused some difficulty.
The outline of this thesis is: This paper first introduces the background and theoretical origin of law theory in the first chapter. To clarify the influence of huge 17,18 century thought of natural law and Savigny law theory of Ehrlich, the Ehrlich's legal concept changed. He no longer believes in the empirical analysis on the national law school of law unified legal monism, gradually began to dig beyond the law of the state is more extensive and important "living law"; the second chapter is the "living law" the ontological level of one sort of analysis. First of all, with detailed evidence and rigorous argument criticizes the traditional law school to distort the concept of law, after the concept of the law the specification was re defined. And on this basis put forward the concept of "living law", and then explain the "living law" is a social organization of the internal order is the real dominant students Live the law itself. However, Ehrlich's theory of "living law" was not as a pure theory of law founded, he insisted on the theory and method of equal importance, so this theory is a kind of combination of theory and methodology of "living law" is a kind of research method; therefore, in in the third chapter, from the detailed methodology in "living law" theory are analyzed. Source of the "living law", "living law", discusses several aspects of discovery method and free judgment method; the fourth chapter is the comprehensive analysis based on the theory of living law "for its role in the history of law an objective evaluation, pointed out its theoretical contributions and shortcomings; the fifth chapter based on the trend of our current civil law, the paper puts forward some suggestions on some of the" living law "theory is helpful in the study of civil law, and the right The case illustrates the status and meaning of folk law in the rule of law in China. Finally, in the conclusion, we give a concluding statement to the full text and launch a critique of this article.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D909.5

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