论中国溢油污染索赔机制的完善——从索赔康菲案展开

发布时间：2018-03-05 02:07

本文选题：溢油污染　切入点：索赔机制　出处：《中国人口.资源与环境》2013年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着海洋石油资源的不断开发及海上运输业的蓬勃发展,海上溢油污染的风险不断加大,2011年6月,我国发生的康菲溢油事故,其造成的海洋污染范围之广、程度之深不亚于甚至超过去年美国发生的墨西哥湾溢油事故。面对渤海湾生态系统的破坏和渔民、渔业的巨大经济损失,众多的受害人如果求告无门,权利得不到及时救济将把受害人推向绝境。本文通过对康菲漏油事件与墨西哥湾漏油事件索赔处理过程的比较,分析了我国溢油污染索赔制度的建设在立法层面、司法层面均十分薄弱。通过对康菲索赔诉讼类型化分析,发现溢油污染的索赔往往是环境侵权诉讼与环境公益诉讼并存,对两种诉讼关系、运作特点和价值缺乏深入的研究,成为阻碍我国私益诉讼与公益诉讼共生的环境权益司法保护模式建立的深层原因。本文建议理论上明确环境侵权诉讼与环境公益诉讼异同的前提下,区分不同情况,确立环保行政机关作为支持起诉人参加诉讼和环保部门和公民、法人作为共同原告提起环境诉讼两种制度。同时,在环境侵权诉讼中借鉴美国和解集团诉讼制度,以提高纠纷的解决效率。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of petroleum resources and continuous development of maritime transport, marine oil spill risk continues to increase, in June 2011, the occurrence of ConocoPhillips oil spill, the pollution caused a wide range of depth less than even more than last year in the United States. The Gulf of Mexico oil spill in Bohai. The Gulf ecosystem damage and fishermen, huge economic losses of fisheries, many of the victims if unassisted, rights are not timely relief to the victim to the impasse. By comparing the ConocoPhillips oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico oil leakage and claims process, analyzes the spill oil pollution claim system construction in China at the legislative level and judicial level are very weak. The ConocoPhillips claims type analysis, found that the oil spill pollution claims is often the environmental tort litigation and environmental public interest litigation to coexist. Two kinds of litigation, lack of in-depth research of operation characteristics and value, become an obstacle to the establishment of China's underlying causes of private interest litigation and public interest litigation symbiotic environment legal protection mode. The premise of this proposal is defined on the theory of environmental tort litigation and environmental public interest litigation between under different circumstances, the establishment of environmental administrative organs as support the prosecution to participate in the lawsuit and the environmental protection departments and citizens, legal persons as the plaintiff of environmental litigation of two systems. At the same time, from the United States and group litigation system in environmental tort action, in order to improve the efficiency of solving disputes.

【作者单位】：复旦大学法学院;山东建筑大学法政学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科项目“环境侵权纠纷诉讼机制研究”(编号:10YJC820137)
【分类号】：D971.2;D925;D922.6

【参考文献】