领事担保制探析

发布时间：2018-06-25 10:22

本文选题：领事 + 担保　；参考：《安徽史学》2013年06期

【摘要】：领事担保制是中英《南京条约》及其附属条约规定的贸易稽查制度,是近代中国革新旧海关制度的首次尝试。这一制度由英国代表在条约谈判中提出,其目的是防止中国海关官吏的任意加征和非法勒索,并保护英国对华合法贸易的顺利开展。中英双方出于各自的利益考虑,都曾采取措施履行和维护这一制度,严防走私偷漏,但均以失败告终。领事担保制终结的直接原因是外国商人的走私,特别是鸦片走私,但其失败的根源是中英双方都缺乏有效的缉私保障。领事担保制存废的历史表明,清政府没能适应五口通商后新的贸易格局和国际形势的需要,没能及时建立起完善的对外贸易管理制度,以保障经济利益和国家主权。
[Abstract]:The consular guarantee system is a trade inspection system stipulated in the Sino British Treaty of Nanjing and its subsidiary treaties. It is the first attempt to innovate the old customs system in modern China. The system was put forward by the representative of the British in the negotiation of the treaty. The purpose of this system is to prevent the arbitrary addition of the Chinese customs officials and the non falo, and to protect the smooth trade of the UK against China. Both China and the UK have taken measures to carry out and maintain the system in their own interests and defend the system from smuggling and theft, but they all ended in failure. The direct reason for the termination of the consular guarantee system is the smuggling of foreign businessmen, especially the opium smuggling, but the root of the failure is that both China and the UK lack effective anti smuggling protection. Consular guarantee system is the root cause. The history of existence and abolition shows that the Qing government has not been able to adapt to the new trade pattern and the needs of the international situation after the five ports, and can not establish a perfect foreign trade management system in time in order to protect the economic interests and state sovereignty.
【作者单位】：湖南师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：湖南师范大学青年优秀人才培养计划项目《近代中外贸易冲突与政府及商人的应对举措研究》的阶段性成果,项目编号为2010YX02
【分类号】：D929;D922.13;K252

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