论实质正义的普遍化——以我国的案例指导制度为样本

发布时间：2018-08-03 20:45

【摘要】：司法正义是实现法律正义的主要方式,它可分为实质正义与形式正义。实质正义是形式正义的源头,形式正义是实质正义的普遍化,通过司法实现正义的机制在二者的循环发展中不断得以完善。法律论证是法治社会实现司法正义的最佳方式,它展示了司法正义的产生过程,让"正义"以看得见的方式得到实现。在法律实践中,两大法系通过法律论证实现司法正义的方式各有异同,给我们提供了借鉴与启示。我国的案例指导制度作为一个实用主义制度,其任务是将实质正义普遍化为形式正义,它的核心问题在于案例的创制以及推广和适用。前者对应的是实质正义的论证,后者对应的是实质正义的普遍化。创制指导性案例需要进行谨慎的论证,推广指导性案例应从案例的来源、发布、标准和效力四个方面予以考虑,适用指导性案例则关键在于确定案例之间的相似性,同时这个过程类似于适用制定法规则的过程。
[Abstract]:Judicial justice is the main way to realize legal justice, which can be divided into substantive justice and formal justice. Substantive justice is the source of formal justice, and formal justice is the generalization of substantive justice. Legal argumentation is the best way to realize judicial justice in a society ruled by law. It shows the process of judicial justice and makes justice come true in a visible way. In the legal practice, the two legal systems have their own similarities and differences in the way of realizing judicial justice through legal argumentation, which provides us with reference and enlightenment. As a pragmatism system, the task of our country's case guidance system is to generalize substantive justice into formal justice. Its core problem lies in the creation, popularization and application of cases. The former corresponds to the demonstration of substantive justice, while the latter corresponds to the generalization of substantive justice. The creation of guiding cases requires careful demonstration, and the promotion of guiding cases should be considered from the sources, publication, standards and effectiveness of the cases. The key to the application of guiding cases is to determine the similarity between the cases. At the same time, this process is similar to the application of the rules of statute.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学;福州投资集团法务部;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金西部项目“法律行为理论的法哲学进路”(09XFX001)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D920.4;D926

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