西班牙、新加坡、德国政教关系述评

发布时间：2019-01-19 18:49

【摘要】：西班牙传统上以天主教为国教,与梵蒂冈关系紧密,政教关系与意大利相当一致。文艺复兴以后,西班牙逐步世俗化,走上了政教分离的道路,他教也不断融入。但即便今天,在西班牙仍是天主教一教独大,法律上虽然有诸教平等的原则,却不难看出天主教在该国中的特殊地位和待遇。如何处理各教之间的关系,它显然有自己的一套作法,值得关注。德国也是传统的天主教国家,但是德国是宗教改革的发源地,还是新教的发祥地。它对政教分离原则的信仰较之其他历史上同为政教合一的国家更坚定、更彻底。仅通过一个案例的详析,即可看出其中奥妙。新加坡则是一个新立小国,一开国即实行严格的政教分离原则,把宗教严格限定为私人事务,人人信仰自由,对一些小宗教还给以适当照顾。因此,各种宗教在此都可以找到自己的位置,宗教与世俗相安无事。其经验耐人品味。选此三国为代表,分析当代各国处理政教问题的立场与方法,以便我们借鉴。
[Abstract]:Spain is traditionally Catholic and has close ties with the Vatican and is in line with Italy. After the Renaissance, Spain gradually secularized, embarked on the road of separation of church and state, his religion also continued to integrate. But even today, it is still the dominant Catholic religion in Spain, although there is a principle of equality in the law, it is not difficult to see the special status and treatment of Catholicism in the country. How to deal with the relationship between religions, it obviously has its own practice, it deserves attention. Germany is also a traditional Catholic country, but Germany is the birthplace of the Reformation and the birthplace of Protestantism. Its faith in the principle of separation of church and state is stronger and more thorough than in any other country in history. Only through the detailed analysis of a case, you can see the mystery. Singapore, on the other hand, was a small newly established country. It was founded on the principle of strict separation of church and state. It strictly restricted religion to private affairs, and everyone had freedom of belief, and some small religions were given proper care. Therefore, all religions can find their place here, religion and secular peace. Its experience is tolerant of taste. Taking these three countries as representatives, this paper analyzes the positions and methods of dealing with church and state problems in contemporary countries, so that we can learn from them.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学法学院;中国人民大学法律与宗教研究中心;湖北大学政法与公共管理学院;
【分类号】：D90-05

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