日本老龄人口看护福祉体系的建构及对中国的借鉴

发布时间：2019-05-16 00:45

【摘要】：家庭养老观念在日本根深蒂固,但20世纪60年代以来家庭规模逐步缩小,家庭结构趋于简单化,人口老龄化问题日趋严重。为了缓解人口老龄化给社会带来的压力和问题,日本在对老年人看护福祉制度体系的构建上,遵循立法先行、不断修改、不断完善立法的原则。传统家庭养老模式也转变为以居家养老与公共福利服务和市场化服务并重的社会化模式,实现了老年人医疗和看护一体化。目前,我国正面临人口老龄化的严峻挑战,以日本为借鉴,我国应尽快完善相关法律法规并制定相应的配套制度及具体的实施细则,科学合理规划统筹管理体系;加大住宅型养老设施建设,重构居家养老看护服务体系;同时,注重对护理人员的人才培养。
[Abstract]:The concept of family pension is deeply rooted in Japan, but since the 1960s, the family size has been gradually reduced, the family structure tends to be simplified, and the problem of population aging is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate the pressure and problems brought by the aging of the population to the society, Japan adheres to the principle of legislation first, constantly revising and perfecting the legislation in the construction of the system of care and well-being for the elderly. The traditional family pension model has also been transformed into a socialized mode which pays equal attention to home pension and public welfare service and market-oriented service, and realizes the integration of medical treatment and nursing care for the elderly. At present, China is facing the severe challenge of population aging. Taking Japan as a reference, China should perfect the relevant laws and regulations as soon as possible and formulate the corresponding supporting systems and specific implementation rules, scientific and reasonable planning and overall management system. Strengthen the construction of residential old-age facilities, reconstruct the home care service system; at the same time, pay attention to the training of nursing personnel.
【作者单位】：安徽财经大学法学院;
【基金】：安徽省社科院委托项目“养老社会化存在的问题及对策”(皖社科字[2014]29号)
【分类号】：D931.3;D922.182.3

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