论司法判决中事实认定的不确定性

发布时间：2018-01-14 20:40

本文关键词：论司法判决中事实认定的不确定性　出处：《中国政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：司法判决从本质上可以抽象为一个三段论的过程,在这一过程中,适用法律做出合理判决的前提是生成三段论的小前提——裁判事实,也只有当事实得以正确、及时地确定,法官才能保障判决的质量。但在司法实践中,因为认定事实认定出现不确定而导致的冤假错案屡见报端。其实,由于一些特定的原因,事实认定产生不确定性是客观存在、难以消除的。所以,探究司法判决中事实认定的性质并找出不确定性的成因是一个有意义的课题。本文对事实认定不确定性的核心问题进行了梳理和分析,除了前言和结语外,共分成三个部分：第一章节是关于事实认定的内涵。主要探讨了司法判决中的事实、事实认定、事实认定的方法以及事实认定的不确定性等相关概念。依循事实进入诉讼程序直至最终认定的路径,笔者将事实分成三个层面：纠纷事实、案件事实以及裁判事实,并根据事实认定的整体过程介绍了不同阶段的一些认定方法,主要包括证据裁判原则、推理方法、经验法则等。最后,借由对不确定性概念的梳理讨论,引出本文的核心概念——事实认定的不确定性。第二章节是关于事实认定不确定原因的分析,也是本文的核心章节。笔者从三个视角对产生事实认定不确定性的原因进行了探讨,分别包括了主体之视角、事实本身之视角以及司法程序之视角。从对这个视角下相关因素的分析,我们可以清晰的认识到事实认定不确定性存在的必然性。第三章节是对事实认定不确定性的影响以及应对方法的讨论。事实认定是司法判决和核心问题,对其认定的不确定性肯定会对我国法治社会的建立和司法的公平正义产生消极影响。但事实认定的不确定性也是有限的,正因如此,我们可以从规则上去限制,从认识上去把握,从制度上去完善,去积极应对不确定性的弊端,不断实现司法的公正。
[Abstract]:Judicial decision can be abstracted as a process of syllogism in essence. In this process, the premise of applying law to make a reasonable judgment is to generate the small premise of syllogism-the fact of judgment, and only when the fact is correct. The judge can ensure the quality of the judgment in time. But in judicial practice, the false and wrong cases caused by the uncertainty of the fact are often seen in the newspaper. In fact, because of some specific reasons. The fact that the uncertainty is objective and difficult to eliminate. It is a meaningful subject to explore the nature of the fact finding and find out the cause of uncertainty in the judicial decision. This paper combs and analyzes the core issues of the uncertainty of fact determination, except the preface and conclusion. It is divided into three parts: The first chapter is about the connotation of fact determination. It mainly discusses the facts in the judicial decision and the fact determination. The author divides the facts into three levels: dispute facts. The facts of the case and the facts of the adjudication, and according to the whole process of the facts to identify the different stages of the introduction of some methods, including the principle of evidence adjudication, reasoning methods, rules of experience and so on. Finally. By combing and discussing the concept of uncertainty, this paper leads to the core concept of uncertainty of fact. The second chapter is the analysis of the reasons for the uncertainty of facts, which is also the core chapter of this paper. The author discusses the reasons for the uncertainty of the facts from three perspectives, including the perspective of the subject. From the angle of view of the fact itself and the judicial procedure, we can clearly realize the inevitability of the fact that the uncertainty exists from the analysis of the relevant factors under this perspective. The third chapter is the impact of the uncertainty of the facts and how to deal with them. The fact determination is the judicial decision and the core issue. The uncertainty of its determination will definitely have a negative impact on the establishment of a society ruled by law and the fairness and justice of justice. However, the uncertainty of fact determination is also limited, which is why we can limit it from the rules. Grasp from the understanding, from the system to perfect, to actively deal with the drawbacks of uncertainty, constantly realize justice.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D926.2

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