农村法律援助机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 03:11

本文关键词： 农村法律援助法律意识乡镇司法所　出处：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：法律援助,即由国家设立的相关法律援助机构与人员为经济困难或者特殊案件的人员给予免收或者减受服务费用以提供法律帮助的制度。作为社会救济体系的一部分,法律援助制度早已获得世界的广泛关注并将其规定在各国的法律体系当中。据统计世界大约有140多个国家建立的法律援助制度,我国当然也不例外。从我国第一个法律援助机构建立至今,可以说我国法律援助体系以初步建成,这是我国政府部门与社会相关人士奋斗多年的成果。从制度上的空白到完善,从社会大众不知其为何物到群众的普遍接受与欢迎,都说明了法律援助制度在我国已经取得了长久的发展。但是,由于中国城乡二元化的经济结构与中国长期“礼治”观念的影响等因素,我国法律援助机制运行的极不顺利,这集中表现在农村法律援助机制的开展将会面临更大的挫折与困难。农村作为中国弱势社会群体之一具有自己的特点与规律性,这主要表现在农民的法律意识薄弱、传统文化较城市影响严重等特点。因此在农村开展法律援助制度也需要与城市有所区别,找出其特有的因素进行分析,从而开辟一条适合农村开展与发展法律援助的道路。因此,建立与完善农村法律援助机制,首先应当确立其指导思想,即以广大农民对法律援助制度的需求为其首要出发点。在调研的基础上找出农民最迫切,最关心的问题来扩大完善农村法律援助的服务范围的基础上,建立健全农村法律援助制度开展所必备的配套设施,如：资金供给制度、乡镇司法所建设、人力资源配置等必备设施是推动农村法律援助机制开展与推广的必要手段。本文正是基于中国农村所具有的特点与规律性并结合我国法律援助开展的现状,对中国农村法律援助制度运行的现状进行分析,发现其规律性与缺陷从而提出自己的构建主张。本文共分为以下五章,第一章为引言,主要介绍了本文的写作意义、法律援助的一般概念与相关研究现状,在此基础上分析我国农村法律援助的特点与其规律性。第二章主要从维护农村弱势群体的人权、司法公正与社会稳定三个方面来分析农村法律援助机制的价值取向。从而明确农村法律援助制度在我国社会主义法治构建中所具有的重要意义。第三章主要立足我国农村的现状对现行农村法律援助体系进行概述,并分析我国农村法律援助机制的推进模式与社会实效。在此基础上发现农村法律援助的问题。第四章主要是在第三章分析的基础上发现农村法律援助机制开展所面临的阻碍,并简短分析其成因。这主要包括了法律援助资金问题、法律援助工作者的素质问题,以及法律援助的服务范围等几方面问题第五章的主要内容是从制度方面与农民精神层面两个方面来提出农村法律援助机制问题的解决方案,并初步提出构建适合农村社会法律援助机制开展的新道路。
[Abstract]:Legal aid, legal aid agencies and personnel from the country to set up economic difficulty or in special cases to waive or reduce the personnel cost by the service to provide legal help system. As a part of the social relief system, legal aid system has already received widespread attention in the world and its provisions in the national legal system according to them. There are about more than 140 countries to establish the legal aid system of statistics world, China is no exception. From China's first legal aid agencies established, can be said that our legal aid system initially built, this is our country government departments and social stakeholders for many years of struggle. From the system blank to improve from the public, do not know what the masses generally accepted and welcome, explains that the legal aid system has made long-term development in our country. However, due to the The factors of economic structure Chinese two yuan in urban and rural areas and China long-term "Rites" concept of the impact, the operation mechanism of legal aid in China is not very smooth, which is on the performance of face more setbacks and difficulties of the mechanism of legal aid in rural areas. Rural areas will Chinese disadvantaged groups as one has its own characteristics and regularity this is mainly manifested in the farmers' legal consciousness is weak, the characteristics of traditional culture is more seriously affected than the city. Therefore the development of legal aid system also need to be different with the city in rural areas, find out its unique analysis of the factors, and to find a suitable for the rural development and the development of legal aid.
Therefore, to establish and perfect the legal aid system in rural areas, we should first establish its guiding ideology, namely the farmers' demand of legal aid system as the primary starting point. On the basis of the investigation to find out the most urgent basis of farmers, the most concerned problem to expand and perfect the rural legal aid service scope, establish and perfect the rural law aid system to carry out the necessary supporting facilities, such as: capital supply system, the township judicial construction, human resources and other necessary facilities to promote the legal aid mechanism for rural development and extension of the necessary means. This is the characteristics and regularity of rural Chinese has combined with the status quo of China's legal aid development based on the running status the China countryside legal aid system is analyzed, the regularity and the defects which claim to build their own.
This paper is divided into the following five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the significance of this article, the general concept and related research status of legal aid, and then analyzes the characteristics and regularity of rural legal aid in China.
The second chapter mainly analyzes the value orientation of rural legal aid mechanism from three aspects of safeguarding the rights of rural vulnerable groups, judicial justice and social stability, so as to clarify the significance of rural legal aid system in the construction of socialist rule of law in China.
The third chapter, based on the current situation of rural areas in China, summarizes the current rural legal aid system, analyzes the promotion mode and social effect of rural legal aid mechanism, and finds out the problem of rural legal aid.
The fourth chapter is the mechanism of legal aid in rural areas face obstacles that based on the third chapter, and a brief analysis of its causes. It mainly includes the legal aid fund, the quality of legal aid, and the legal aid services such problems
The main content of the fifth chapter is from the system aspect and the farmer spirit aspect two aspects to propose the countryside legal aid mechanism question solution plan, and initially proposes constructs the new way which suits the countryside society legal aid mechanism to carry out.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.5

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