中国语境下法官自由裁量权的理性规制研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 07:05

本文选题：自由裁量权　切入点：司法正义　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无论是在客观现实中或是在法学研究中，作为司法权的重要组成部分，法官自由裁量权都是值得共同关注的问题，在司法实践中，法官的自由裁量权是司法权行使的基本内容，并会影响到法律适用的最终结果。法官自由裁量权的行使正确与否关系到能否在司法实践中实现个案正义、并进一步实现法律正义，以及能否合理地解决法律漏洞所引起不确定性等等一系列问题。目前中国的司法制度改革依然在进行中，如何在现有的司法环境中合乎理性的规范限制法官的自由裁量权是一个无法回避并具有现实意义的问题。本文试就这一问题展开理论研究，将有关法官自由裁量权的一般理论与我国当下的司法现实状况相结合，重点研究我国司法实践中面临的如何合理规制法官自由裁量权的问题，希望能够引起相关学者进一步的深入探讨。文章除引言和结语部分，正文分成四个部分。第一部分是对法官自由裁量权的概述。在这一部分中，笔者考察比较了国内外学者提出的自由裁量权定义，分析了不同学派对法官自由裁量权的理论主张，重点解析了哈特和德沃金的争论第二部分对法官自由裁量权的发展脉络进行了梳理，分别介绍了英美法系国家、大陆法系国家以及中国的法官自由裁量权的历史发展，力图通过不同法系法律文化背景的分析和相互比较，寻找出可以借鉴的合理规范法官自由裁量权的经验。第三部分主要总结了法官自由裁量权的必要性及基本功能。介绍了由于法律的局限性造成的三个矛盾致使法官自由裁量权的客观存在，，并在此基础上，从有利于实现一般正义与个别正义的平衡，协调程序正义与实体正义的冲突，实现正义与效率的最大化三个方面论述了法官自由裁量权存在的基本功能。第四部分是对如何合理规范我国法官自由裁量权提出了几点构想，首先总结了我国司法实践中，法官自由裁量权存在的一些问题。然后，提出四点构想：从人的角度是要推进法官职业化进程，从环境的角度是要切实保障司法独立性，并重点论述如何通过实际运用中的案例指导制度以及加强判决书的说理内容等进一步规范法官的自由裁量权。
[Abstract]:As an important part of judicial power, the discretion of judges is a problem worthy of common concern in both objective reality and legal research. In judicial practice, the discretion of judges is the basic content of the exercise of judicial power. And it will affect the final result of the application of the law. Whether the judge's discretion is right or not is related to whether the case justice can be realized in the judicial practice and the further realization of the legal justice. And whether we can reasonably solve the uncertainty caused by the loopholes in the law, and so on. At present, the reform of China's judicial system is still in progress. How to restrict the judge's discretion in the current judicial environment according to rational norms is an unavoidable and practical problem. This paper tries to carry out a theoretical study on this issue. Combining the general theory of the judge's discretion with the current judicial reality in our country, the author focuses on how to regulate the judge's discretion reasonably in the judicial practice of our country. The article is divided into four parts except introduction and conclusion. The first part is an overview of the discretion of judges. In this part, the author investigates and compares the definitions of discretion put forward by scholars at home and abroad, and analyzes the theoretical opinions of different schools on the discretion of judges. This paper focuses on the analysis of the debate between Hart and Dworkin. In the second part, the author sorts out the development of the judge's discretion, and introduces the historical development of the judge's discretion in the common law countries, the civil law countries and China. Through the analysis and comparison of the legal cultural backgrounds of different legal systems, the author tries to find out the reasonable experience of regulating the discretion of judges. The third part mainly summarizes the necessity and basic function of the judge's discretion, and introduces the objective existence of the judge's discretion caused by the three contradictions caused by the limitation of law, and on this basis, This paper discusses the basic functions of the existence of the judge's discretion from three aspects: the balance between general justice and individual justice, the coordination of the conflict between procedural justice and substantive justice, and the maximization of justice and efficiency. Part 4th puts forward some ideas on how to reasonably regulate the discretion of judges in our country. Firstly, it summarizes some problems existing in the judicial practice of our country. Four ideas are put forward: from the human point of view, we should promote the professionalization of judges, and from the environmental point of view, we should ensure the independence of the judiciary. It also discusses how to further standardize the judge's discretion through the practical application of the case guidance system and the strengthening of the reasoning content of the judgment.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.2

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