论清末司法制度改革

发布时间：2018-03-15 03:24

本文选题：清末　切入点：司法制度改革　出处：《郑州大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：揭开尘封的过去,并不简单地为了叙述某段让人津津乐道的历史,更为重要的是我们要以史为鉴,进而找到它对当今社会某个棘手问题的启示。近年来,随着我国司法制度改革的推进,清末法制改革顺理成章地成为学界热烈讨论的话题。关于100多年前的这场法制改革运动,学界基本上持肯定态度,即尽管清末法制改革是清政府为了维持其封建统治而迫不得已采取的应对措施,但其客观上促使了中国由传统法制向现代法制的转型,对中国刑事司法制度近代化起着开拓性的作用。笔者认为,虽然当时的改革总体上显得稚嫩和草率,其后又由于清政府的灭亡很快便宣告失败,但就是这次改革足以说明了中国在逆境中求新求变的决心。改革本来就是为了改变传统,甚至与传统决裂,从而迸发生机。仅从这一角度来看,研究清末的司法制度改革,就足以应当引起我们的高度重视。于此,本文试着将清末司法制度改革置于当时的社会大背景中予以考察,以确定它应有的地位,并探求对当今我国法制建设的启迪。本论文共分三部分,第一部分论述清末司法制度改革的历史背景,涵盖以下内容：西学东渐——西方资本主义司法制度的传入为清末司法改革埋下了诱因；西方列强以中国封建司法制度落后、野蛮为借口并凭借强大的武力最终攫取了在中国的领事裁判权,严重侵犯中国司法主权,是清末司法制度改革的直接原因；清政府为了挽救危在旦夕的封建统治以及清末弊端重重的封建司法制度是促使清末司法制度改革的内在原因。第二部分论述清末司法制度改革的内容,主要有：为取消西方列强在中国的领事裁判权而进行的司法变革；清末政体改革即司法与行政之分离及近代刑事司法机构的出现；刑事诉讼法的制定及其价值。第三部分论述清末司法制度改革的启示,具体有：清末司法制度改革的成与败；清末司法制度改革的经验；清末司法制度改革对我国当今法制建设的启示。综上,通过对清末司法制度改革的剖析,它促使我们冷静思考如何进行我国当今的司法改革。笔者坚信,在司法改革的道路上只要大胆借鉴历史的成功经验,并对我们现有的司法制度进行合理的改造,即秉承“去其糟粕,取其精华”的宗旨,一定会使我们的司法改革走向成功。
[Abstract]:Uncovering the dusty past is not simply to recount a particular section of history, but more importantly, to learn from it, and to find out its implications for a difficult problem in today's society. With the advancement of the reform of the judicial system in China, the reform of the legal system in the late Qing Dynasty has naturally become a hot topic for discussion in academic circles. About the legal reform movement that took place more than 100 years ago, the academic circles basically held a positive attitude. That is, although the legal system reform in the late Qing Dynasty was a response that the Qing government had to take in order to maintain its feudal rule, it objectively promoted the transition from the traditional legal system to the modern legal system. It plays a pioneering role in the modernization of China's criminal justice system. Although the reform at that time appeared to be immature and hasty in general, it soon failed because of the death of the Qing government. But this reform is enough to demonstrate China's determination to seek new and change in the face of adversity. The original purpose of the reform was to change the tradition, or even break away from the tradition, so as to burst into vitality. From this perspective only, we will study the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty. This paper tries to put the reform of the judicial system in the social background of the late Qing Dynasty in order to determine its due position and to explore the enlightenment to the legal system construction of our country today. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the historical background of the judicial system reform in the late Qing Dynasty, covering the following contents: the introduction of the western capitalist judicial system laid the inducement for the judicial reform in the late Qing Dynasty; Western powers took China's feudal judicial system as an excuse and finally seized the consular jurisdiction in China under the pretext of barbarism, which seriously infringed on China's judicial sovereignty, which was the direct reason for the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty. In order to save the dying feudal rule and the malpractice of the feudal judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government is the internal reason to promote the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty. The second part discusses the content of the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty. The main contents are as follows: the judicial reform in order to cancel the consular jurisdiction of western powers in China, the reform of the system of government in the late Qing Dynasty, the separation of judicature and administration, and the appearance of modern criminal judicial institutions; The third part discusses the enlightenment of the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty, including the success and failure of the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty, the experience of the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty, and the reform of the judicial system in the late Qing Dynasty. The enlightenment of the judicial system reform in the late Qing Dynasty to the legal system construction of our country today. In summary, through the analysis of the judicial system reform in the late Qing Dynasty, it urges us to think calmly about how to carry out the judicial reform in our country today. And we should reform our current judicial system reasonably, that is to say, we will succeed in judicial reform by adhering to the aim of "taking away the dregs and taking the essence of the judicial system."
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D926

【引证文献】