诉讼调解制度在农村法庭的运行考察

发布时间：2018-04-01 22:21

本文选题：诉讼调解　切入点：农村法庭　出处：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：诉讼调解作为我国一项重要的诉讼制度，被国际司法界誉为“东方经验”。它符合我国以和为贵的文化传统，使争议在群众的心理上得到真正的解决。基层法院特别是其派出的基层人民法庭大多地处农村或者边远地方。这些地方的山民们的道德核心是以良心为本，形成了重义轻利、谦敬明礼、敦实憨厚的品格，这为诉讼调解在当地的适用提供了良好的思想基础。新的历史时期，在广大的农村法庭强化诉讼调解工作，有利于化解基层矛盾维护社会稳定；有利于加强基层社会的综合治理从而促进新农村建设；有利于增强基层群众的法制观念；有利于群众路线教育实践活动的贯彻落实进而实现司法为民。因此，对基层农村法庭的诉讼调解制度的运行进行考察有着重要的理论和实践意义。不管是从全国来看还是从个别地方来看，基层农村法庭的诉讼调解率普遍较高。同时农村法庭的诉讼调解工作也呈现出了自身的特点，如调解率因案而异性、关系案的普遍存在性、调解程序的灵活性、当事人合意的缺失性等等。实践中，，诉讼调解工作在农村法庭适用的效果我们需要从两个方面来考量：一是以公正和效率为指标对其法律效果进行考察；二是以是否达到了维护社会和谐的目的对其社会效果进行考量。在不断的探索和实践中，个别地方的农村法庭在诉讼调解方面总结出一套适应当地社会发展需要的诉讼调解经验。但是，总体来说农村法庭的诉讼调解工作目前还是存在一些问题。从客观方面来看，一些农村法庭存在片面强调调解结案率、调解方法欠妥、调解机制不健全等问题；从主观方面来看，各基层农村法庭法官对诉讼调解的主观认识不一样，当事人的主观认识也存在差异。从组织、经济、文化三个方面可以解读出这些问题背后的原因。基于农村法庭诉讼调解适用存在的这些问题及其背后的原因，我们应该创新各农村法庭诉讼调解的工作方法，提升基层人民法庭审判工作人员的诉讼调解能力，并在此基础上进一步完善农村法庭诉讼调解的配套机制，从而促进诉讼调解制度在新的法治环境下焕发新的生机，更好化解基层矛盾，维护社会稳定。
[Abstract]:As an important litigation system in China, litigation mediation is praised as "Eastern experience" by international judicial circles.It is in line with the cultural tradition of harmony, so that the dispute in the masses of the real psychological solution.Grass-roots courts, especially the grassroots people's courts, are mostly located in rural or remote areas.The moral core of the mountain people in these places is based on conscience, forming the character of justice, modesty and respect, honesty and honesty, which provides a good ideological basis for the application of litigation mediation in the local area.In the new historical period, strengthening litigation mediation in the vast rural courts is conducive to resolving contradictions at the grass-roots level and maintaining social stability, strengthening the comprehensive management of the grass-roots society and promoting the construction of new rural areas.It is propitious to strengthen the legal concept of the grassroots people, to carry out the practice of mass line education and to realize the judicature for the people.Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to investigate the operation of litigation mediation system in rural courts.Whether from the national point of view or from individual places, grassroots rural courts generally have a high rate of litigation mediation.At the same time, the litigation mediation of rural courts also presents its own characteristics, such as the rate of mediation is different from the case, the universal existence of relationship cases, the flexibility of mediation procedures, the lack of consensus of the parties, and so on.In practice, the effect of litigation mediation in rural courts needs to be considered from two aspects: first, to investigate the legal effect of litigation mediation on the basis of justice and efficiency;The second is whether to achieve the goal of maintaining social harmony to consider its social effects.In the constant exploration and practice, the rural courts in some places have summed up a suit of experience in litigation mediation that can meet the needs of local social development.However, generally speaking, there are still some problems in the litigation mediation of rural courts.From an objective point of view, some rural courts have some problems such as one-sided emphasis on mediation completion rate, inadequate mediation methods, imperfect mediation mechanism, and so on; from the subjective point of view, the subjective understanding of litigation mediation is different among the judges of rural courts at the grass-roots level.The subjective understanding of the parties is also different.The reasons behind these problems can be explained from three aspects of organization, economy and culture.Based on the problems existing in the application of litigation mediation in rural courts and the reasons behind it, we should innovate the working methods of litigation mediation in various rural courts, and enhance the ability of litigation mediation of people's courts at the grass-roots level.On this basis, we further improve the supporting mechanism of court litigation mediation in rural areas so as to promote the litigation mediation system to radiate new vitality in the new legal environment, to resolve contradictions at the grass-roots level, and to maintain social stability.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D926.2

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