信托遗嘱公证制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 05:36

本文选题：信托 + 信托遗嘱　；参考：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：信托制度源于英美法系国家,在英美法系国家具有悠久的历史。我国信托制度肇端于二十世纪八十年代改革开放以后,我国信托并非完全移植于英美法系,对于英美法系信托制度中很多与大陆法系民法理论固有冲突的地方并没有给出明确的解决方案而采取了问题搁置先行发展的原则。本文主要探讨信托遗嘱和信托遗嘱公证。第一章信托制度简介和信托遗嘱概述,简要介绍信托制度在西方国家的起源和发展以及信托遗嘱的基本法律概念。第二章介绍了主要国家和地区的信托和信托遗嘱发展状况。在美国得到普遍接受和发展的是以共同基金和退休基金为代表的商业信托制度。其中2000年发布的《统一信托法》(UniformTrustCode)是美国的信托法律首次法典化的成果,目前已为二十一个州所采用。日本政府于1922年制定了《信托法》后续制定了《信托业法》奠定了信托发展的法律基础。第三章介绍了我国信托遗嘱制度和面临的主要问题,由于产生于英美国家的信托制度与我国的法律制度有很多固有的冲突,且我国的信托制度发展时间较短,尤其在信托遗嘱方面几乎是空白,因此我国大陆地区的信托遗嘱制度尚处于起步阶段,而我国有关信托遗嘱制度的立法仍不够完善,有很多不协调之处。如何衔接《信托法》和《继承法》中相互矛盾的地方是我国信托法未来修订优先要解决的问题。第四章主要关注我国遗嘱公证制度。遗嘱公证是我国公证机构的传统业务范围,作为法律规定的最高效力遗嘱形式,公证遗嘱在法律实践中和日常生活中得到了实务界和广大人民群众的认可。第五章系信托遗嘱公证中公证部门的地位与功能探讨,本着法无禁止均可行的原则公证部门在信托遗嘱中可以充分发挥自身作用。第六章探讨我国信托遗嘱登记制度研究。我国信托登记的现状可以概括为三个方面：有法可依,无法操作；变通登记,风险隐藏；产品登记,地方尝试。建立新的信托登记机构体系可以先从北京、上海、深圳等沿海经济发达城市和省份着手展开实践。信托上至国家金融市场发展,下至家家户户的财富管理和财富传承都起到重要的作用,对家庭、社会的稳定以及资本市场发展构建我国和谐社会觉有重要深远的意义。
[Abstract]:Trust system originates from common law countries and has a long history in common law countries.Since the reform and opening to the outside world in the 1980s, the trust system of our country was not completely transplanted to the common law system.In the trust system of the common law system, many places which conflict with the civil law theory of the continental law system have not given a clear solution and have adopted the principle of putting aside the development of the problem ahead of time.This article mainly discusses trust will and trust will notarization.The first chapter introduces the introduction of trust system and the outline of trust will, briefly introduces the origin and development of trust system in western countries and the basic legal concept of trust will.The second chapter introduces the development of trust and trust will in main countries and regions.The commercial trust system, represented by mutual funds and pension funds, is generally accepted and developed in the United States.The uniform Trust Code, issued in 2000, is the result of the first codification of trust laws in the United States and has been adopted by 21 states.The Japanese government enacted the Trust Law in 1922 and established the Trust Industry Law in 1922, which laid the legal foundation for trust development.The third chapter introduces the trust testamentary system and its main problems in our country, because there are many inherent conflicts between the trust system produced in Anglo-American countries and our country's legal system, and the development time of our trust system is relatively short.Especially in the trust will is almost blank, so the trust will system in mainland China is still in the initial stage, but the legislation of trust will system in our country is still not perfect, there are a lot of incongruity.How to link up the contradiction between the Trust Law and the succession Law is a priority problem to be solved in the future revision of the Trust Law in China.Chapter four focuses on the notarization of wills in China.Probate notarization is the traditional business scope of notarization organization in our country. As the highest effective will form stipulated by law, notarized will has been recognized by the practical circles and the masses of the people in the legal practice and daily life.The fifth chapter discusses the status and function of the notary department in the notarization of trust will, which can give full play to its own role in the trust will according to the principle that the law is not prohibited.Chapter six discusses the research on the testamentary registration system of trust in China.The present situation of trust registration in China can be summarized into three aspects: there are laws to be followed, which cannot be operated; alternative registration, risk hiding; product registration, local attempts.The establishment of a new trust registration system can be carried out from Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other developed coastal cities and provinces.Trust from the national financial market development, down to every household wealth management and wealth inheritance play an important role in the family, social stability and the development of capital markets to build a harmonious society in China has an important and far-reaching significance.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.6;D922.282

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