我国现行司法考试制度的架构分析
发布时间:2018-05-15 01:28
本文选题:架构 + 司法考试 ; 参考:《山东大学》2011年硕士论文
【摘要】:改革开放以来,尤其是党的十五大提出依法治国、建设社会主义法治国家方略后,法律在我国社会生活中的作用越来越重要,但“各自为政、自我经营”的法律职业准入条件使法律职业者专业化程度普遍偏低,整体素质不高,严重制约着国家民主法制建设的进程。故此,2001年6月30日,九届全国人大常委会二十二次会议审议通过《中华人民共和国法官法修正案》和《中华人民共和国检察官法修正案》,规定初任法官、初任检察官实行全国统一司法考试制度。随即最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、司法部联合发布公告,明确指出2001年初任法官、检察官考试和律师资格考试都不再单独进行,将同时纳入2002年国家举办的首次全国统一司法考试①。自此我国统一司法考试制度正式拉开大幕。 时致今日,该制度已实施了10个年头。随着我国法治社会建设的逐步深入,其部分设置已不能很好的适应我国法制建设的整体需求,运行过程中暴露出的问题引起了法学理论界和司法实务部门广泛地关注与争论:我国法律职业到底需要一个什么样的司法考试制度?怎样设计才能使其每一项具体的制度更加科学?如何改革才能使我国司法考试制度与其它相关制度更协调?等等。 本文以提高我国法律职业者综合素质为出发点和落脚点,试图对我国现行统一司法考试制度的架构做一梳理,明确利弊,并提出相应的改革和完善措施,以期对尚在摸索中的我国司法考试制度和处于瓶颈期的司法体制改革有所助益。 文本除引论和后记(致谢)外,共四个部分,3万余字。 第一部分司法考试制度综述,该部分共分四个小节,第一小节架构释义,分别从名词和动词的角度对“架构”做了解释,并介绍了该词在学术理论界的运用情况。二、三小节以当今世界各国法律职业资格考试为着眼点,归纳总结了司法考试制度的基本性质和基本模式,第四小节在前两小节的基础上对法制良好国家的司法考试情况做了介绍,主要包括大陆法系的德国、法国、韩国、日本和普通法系的英国、美国。 第二部分我国司法考试制度的历史演变,该部分首先探讨了我国近代司法考试制度产生的动因,然后对我国司法考试的土壤进行了挖掘,分别概述了清末、共和初年、北洋政府、民国和建国后至统一司法考试实施前这五个时期我国的司法考试情况,其中着重介绍了改革开放后我国律师资格考试的实施情况。 第三部分我国现行司法考试的制度框架,该部分在参照其他学者相关论述的基础上,以定性分析的方法对我国现行司法考试的制度框架从“架构”的名词性角度进行了考察,重新界定了我国现行司法考试制度的性质、模式、价值和目标,以求拨乱反正之效。 第四部分我国现行司法考试制度的运行机制,该部分在立足我国司法考试土壤、借鉴他国先进司法考试经验的基础上,以前述架构释义为统领,采用比照的写法,对我国现行司法考试制度的优劣之处进行了肯定和批判,并提出了相应的改革与完善措施。内容主要包括我国现行司法考试制度的管理机制、报名资格、考卷内容、考试过程、考试时间和及格分数线等六个方面。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening - up , especially the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has put forward the rule of law in accordance with the law , the role of the law in the social life of our country is more and more important after the establishment of the socialist country of law country . The Supreme People ' s Court , the Supreme People ' s Procuratorate and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued a public announcement .
Today , the system has been implemented for 10 years . With the gradual deepening of the construction of the rule of law society in our country , the partial setting of the system has not been well adapted to the overall demand of the legal construction of our country . The problems exposed in the course of operation have caused extensive attention and debate in the legal theory and the judicial practice . How to design the system to make every concrete system more scientific ? How to reform can make our judicial examination system more coordinated with other relevant systems ?
In order to improve the comprehensive quality of the legal profession in our country as the starting point and the landing point , this paper attempts to comb the structure of the current unified judicial examination system in our country , make clear the pros and cons , and put forward the corresponding reform and improvement measures , in order to benefit the judicial examination system and the reform of the judicial system in the bottleneck period .
There are four parts , more than 30,000 words , in addition to quotations and postmarks ( thanks ) .
The first part of the judicial examination system is summarized , the part is divided into four sub - sections , the first sub - section structure is defined , the article explains the " structure " from the angle of the noun and the verb respectively , and introduces the basic property and basic mode of the judicial examination system . The fourth subsection introduces the judicial examination of the good country in the world on the basis of the former two sections , mainly including the British and the United States of Germany , France , Korea , Japan and the common law system of the civil law system .
In the second part , the historical evolution of China ' s judicial examination system is discussed . First , the motivation of the system of judicial examination in China is discussed , and then the soil of our country ' s judicial examination is excavated , and the judicial examination of our country after the implementation of the unified judicial examination before the implementation of the unified judicial examination in the end of the Qing Dynasty , the Republic of China , the North American Government , the Republic of China and the People ' s Republic of China has been described . The implementation of the qualification examination of our country after the reform and opening up is emphatically introduced .
In the third part , the system framework of the current judicial examination in our country , based on the discussion of other scholars , makes an investigation on the institutional framework of the current judicial examination in our country from the perspective of the " schema " , and redefines the nature , mode , value and goal of the current judicial examination system in our country .
The fourth part is the operation mechanism of the current judicial examination system in our country , which is based on the experience of the advanced judicial examination of the country . Based on the experience of the advanced judicial examination of other countries , the author affirms and critiques the advantages and disadvantages of the current judicial examination system in our country , and puts forward the corresponding reform and perfecting measures .
【学位授予单位】:山东大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2011
【分类号】:D926.15
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 白媛;法官职业道德探析[D];齐齐哈尔大学;2013年
,本文编号:1890379
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