我国未成年犯社区矫正的立法问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 19:38

【摘要】：未成年人犯罪有“社会瘟疫”之称,与环境污染和吸毒贩毒被当今国际社会列为了“社会三大公害”,其中,未成年人犯罪被列在首位。未成年人是祖国的栋梁,民族的希望,其健康成长是关系民族兴衰和国之兴旺的软肋,不仅关系到众多家庭的幸福,而且事关社会的稳定和民族的兴衰。因此,我们应当高度重视未成年人犯罪,并考虑如何最大限度的减少和预防未成年人犯罪。随着刑罚理念的进化和社会文明的发展,以及监狱人满为患和经费严重不足等现状,结合社区矫正的明显优势,人们普遍地意识到以监禁刑为主的刑罚制度的局限性,故将刑罚作为保护法益的最后手段和补充性手段,对于刑罚的启动持比较谨慎的态度。社区矫正兴起于西方,移植于世界,其雏形主要是针对未成年人而适用的,大多国家对社区矫正进行了专门的立法。我国自2003年开始了社区矫正的试点工作,目前已开展了近10年,但关于社区矫正的专门立法依然存在着空白,本文主要以我国未成年犯社区矫正的刑事立法问题作为逻辑起点,对国外的立法进行考察、分析,对我国的立法现状到实践状况做一梳理,基于刑事一体化的刑法思想,分别从实体法、程序法和执行法三个角度对我国未成年犯社区矫正的立法问题进行探索,以期“建立”我国未成年犯社区矫正的立法规范,对完善我国未成年犯社区矫正立法的理论依据和对相关的司法实践有所裨益。除了导言与结语部分外,本文共分为五个章节：第一章首先对刑法语境中的社区矫正和未成年犯社区矫正的概念作出界定。第二章对国外关于未成年犯社区矫正的立法状况进行考察和分析借鉴,对立法规范的内容和形式进行归纳,得出有益于我国关于未成年犯社区矫正立法问题的启示。第三章对我国关于未成年犯社区矫正的立法现状到实践情况进行梳理和分析,鉴于我国关于社区矫正的专门立法的缺失,对关于社区矫正的相关规定进行梳理,并以北京市、上海市和昆明市盘龙区作为典型代表进行分析和介绍。第四章对我国未成年犯社区矫正立法的必要性与可行性进行分析和论证,必要性主要从我国现行立法的缺失、刑法的谦抑性和国外立法的趋势来进行分析,可行性主要从试点的实践经验以及犯罪学和社会学等角度来分析,从而为后面关于未成年犯社区矫正的立法提供论据支持。第五章分别从立法的形式和内容上提出了关于我国未成年犯社区矫正的刑事立法规范的建议。得出形式上制定一部专门的《社区矫正法》,对未成年人作出专章规定,在内容上要分别对未成年犯社区矫正的实体、程序到执行三个环节进行立法规范设计的结论。
[Abstract]:Juvenile delinquency is known as "social plague", and environmental pollution and drug abuse and drug trafficking are listed as "three social public hazards" in the international community today, among which juvenile delinquency is listed in the first place. Minors are the pillars of the motherland, the hope of the nation, its healthy growth is related to the rise and fall of the nation and the prosperity of the weak rib, not only related to the happiness of many families, but also related to the stability of society and the rise and fall of the nation. Therefore, we should attach great importance to juvenile delinquency and consider how to minimize and prevent juvenile delinquency. With the evolution of penalty concept and the development of social civilization, as well as prison overcrowding and serious lack of funds, combined with the obvious advantages of community correction, people are generally aware of the limitations of the penalty system based on imprisonment. Therefore, it is prudent to take penalty as the last and supplementary means of protection. Community correction emerged in the West and transplanted to the world. Its embryonic form is mainly applicable to minors. Most countries have made special legislation on community correction. Our country has started the pilot work of community correction since 2003, it has been carried out for nearly 10 years, but there is still a blank in the special legislation on community correction. This paper mainly takes the criminal legislation of juvenile offenders as the logical starting point. To investigate and analyze the legislation of foreign countries, to sort out the current situation of legislation and practice of our country, based on the criminal law thought of criminal integration, from the substantive law, This paper probes into the legislative problems of community correction of juvenile delinquents in China from the three angles of procedural law and enforcement law, in order to "establish" the legislative norms of community correction for juvenile offenders in our country. It is beneficial to the improvement of the legislation of juvenile delinquents' community correction and the relevant judicial practice. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter defines the concepts of community correction and juvenile correction in the context of criminal law. The second chapter investigates and analyzes the legislative situation of juvenile delinquents' community correction in foreign countries, summarizes the content and form of the legislative norms, and draws the enlightenment on the legislation of juvenile delinquents' community correction in our country. The third chapter combs and analyzes the status quo and practice of the legislation on community correction of juvenile delinquents in China. In view of the lack of special legislation on community correction in our country, it combs the relevant provisions on community correction, and takes Beijing as the basis. Shanghai and Kunming Panlong District as a typical representative of the analysis and introduction. The fourth chapter analyzes and proves the necessity and feasibility of community correction legislation for juvenile delinquents in China. The necessity is mainly analyzed from the absence of current legislation, the modesty of criminal law and the trend of foreign legislation. The feasibility is mainly analyzed from the practical experience of the experiment and from the angles of criminology and sociology so as to provide arguments for the following legislation on community correction of juvenile delinquents. In the fifth chapter, the author puts forward some suggestions on the criminal legislation of community correction of juvenile delinquents in terms of the form and content of legislation. The paper draws a conclusion that a special Community Correction Law should be formulated in form, a special chapter should be made for minors, and the content should be designed separately for the entity, procedure and execution of juvenile delinquents' community correction.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.8

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