论舆论监督与司法独立的冲突与应对

发布时间：2018-08-01 11:03

【摘要】：现代社会，经济和科技文化的发展促进了传媒渗透社会领域的能力，也提升了新闻舆论对社会的影响力度。新闻媒体介入司法，对案件审理过程和裁判结果的关注，是我国法制观念深入人心，法治建设不断完善的重要表现。传媒的介入，揭开了司法的神秘面纱，满足了社会公众的知情权和提高了社会的参与意识。然而，法院经过正当程序和有着合理证据的裁判有时会与公众所理解的社会评价产生冲突。由于媒体本身隐含的缺陷，如抢先、情感化等特性影响了报道的公正、理性的要求。现实中，媒体更关注纠纷中的受害者立场，并报以同情和舆论的支持，常常呼吁严惩罪犯，而司法追求的是司法的公正价值。在法律面前，双方的地位是平等的，应当以正当程序、合法证据这些去审理案件，从而实现法律价值所追求的正义公平。当媒体过分报道具有偏向性的报道时，作为社会中的一部分，法官不可避免地被这些信息影响。因此如何立足我国国情，正确处理独立审判与舆论监督的关系，建立平衡独立审判与舆论监督冲突的机制成为现在法治进展中亟待解决的亟待解决的课题之一。本文运用比较分析、例证等方法，通过四个章节分析舆论监督与司法独立的关系，试图为我国舆论监督与司法关系的处理上提出具体建议。第一章主要是介绍了舆论监督与司法独立的相关概念以及基本法理基础，使得读者对于相关概念有所认识。然后通过介绍国内近年来舆论对司法独立的侵蚀，，并揭示司法机关对媒体的排斥系统阐述两者之间的冲突。第二章主要是对于舆论监督与司法独立两者冲突的原因进行具体分析，主要是从根源的基本原因分析以及我国具体实践中存在的偏差两大层次进行剖析。第三章主要是介绍域外法治国家处理舆论监督与司法独立冲突的相关实践与立法的介绍，总结和分析它们实践经验，为我国的建设提供借鉴思路第四章主要针对我国具体情况，从法理基础、基本原则、具体措施三个方面对我国现存的舆论监督司法的问题提出具体建议。
[Abstract]:The development of modern society, economy, science and technology culture has promoted the media's ability to infiltrate the social field, and also enhanced the influence of the news and public opinion on the society. The news media intervene in the judicature and pay close attention to the trial process of cases and the result of adjudication, which is an important manifestation of our country's legal system concept being deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and the building of the rule of law constantly improving. The intervention of the media uncovers the mystery of judicature, satisfies the public's right to know and raises the consciousness of social participation. However, due process and reasoned decisions of courts sometimes conflict with social evaluation as understood by the public. Because of the inherent defects of the media, such as preemptive, emotional and other characteristics affect the fair and rational requirements of the report. In reality, the media pay more attention to the position of victims in disputes, and often call for severe punishment of criminals with sympathy and support from public opinion, while the judicial pursuit is the value of justice. Before the law, the status of both sides is equal, should be due process, legal evidence to try cases, so as to achieve the legal value of the pursuit of justice and fairness. As a part of society, judges are inevitably influenced by this information when the media over-reports biased reports. Therefore, how to correctly deal with the relationship between independent trial and public opinion supervision, and how to establish a mechanism to balance the conflict between independent trial and public opinion supervision has become one of the urgent issues in the progress of the rule of law. By means of comparative analysis and examples, this paper analyzes the relationship between public opinion supervision and judicial independence through four chapters, and tries to put forward some concrete suggestions for the handling of the relationship between public opinion supervision and judicature in our country. The first chapter mainly introduces the related concepts of public opinion supervision and judicial independence as well as the basic legal basis, so that readers have some understanding of the relevant concepts. Then it introduces the erosion of judicial independence by public opinion in recent years, and reveals the conflict between the judicial organs and the media exclusion system. The second chapter mainly analyzes the causes of the conflict between the supervision of public opinion and the independence of the judiciary, mainly from the root of the basic cause analysis and the deviation existing in the practice of our country two levels of analysis. The third chapter mainly introduces the practice and legislation of dealing with conflicts between supervision of public opinion and independence of judicature in extraterritorial countries under the rule of law, and summarizes and analyzes their practical experiences. The fourth chapter mainly aims at the concrete situation of our country, from three aspects of the legal theory foundation, the basic principle, the concrete measure puts forward the concrete proposal to our country's extant public opinion supervision judicature question.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926;G206

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