我国当代法院调解制度研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 11:52

【摘要】：自人类社会以来,矛盾、冲突就无时无刻不存在,为了解决这些问题,在不同时代制定了相应的政策法规等等以维护秩序。法院调解也是其中之一。法院调解制度是法院内部存在的一种以相对和谐的手段解决问题的制度,法院调解制度的真正源泉是发生在抗战后期陕甘宁边区的著名的“马锡武审判方式”,这一审判方式第一次突破传统观念,将审判与调解,司法制度与深入群众、调解等结合起来,从而使调解融入司法制度,这就出现了后来的法院调解制度的建立。我国法院调解制度无论是对于个人、集体还是社会乃至整个国家来说都发挥了不同程度的重要作用,被国际上誉为“东方经验”。我国设立法院调解制度的目的首先是为了更好的为人民服务,促进了人与人之间的和谐相处,防止矛盾进一步激化,将纠纷以一种较为和谐的手段予以解决,为人们处理矛盾提供了一个选择的平台。其次,法院调解适当减轻了法院的诉讼压力,近年来,我国人们的法制观念不断提高,经济发展越来越快,各种各样的案件随之而来,法院所承载的审判压力不断加大,法院调解适当的缓解了这种压力。最后,从大的方面看设立法院调解的目的是为了维护和谐社会这个大的社会环境所必须的。在实践中法院调解的确发挥了很大的作用,但是随着法院调解的应用也暴露出了一些问题,即“以判压调”,“久调不决”等等,笔者结合实践,就法院调解中存在的缺陷,提出一些改革设想,以期对我国法院调解制度的发展、完善有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Since human society, contradictions and conflicts exist all the time. In order to solve these problems, the corresponding policies and regulations have been formulated in different times to maintain order. Court mediation is one of them. The court mediation system is a relatively harmonious system to solve problems within the court. The real source of the court mediation system is the famous "Ma Xiwu trial method" in the later period of the Anti-Japanese War in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region. This way of trial breaks through the traditional concept for the first time and combines trial with mediation, judicial system with deepening the masses, mediation, and so on, thus making mediation into the judicial system, which led to the later establishment of court mediation system. The court mediation system of our country has played an important role in different degrees for individual, collective, society and even the whole country, and has been praised as "Oriental experience" in the world. The purpose of establishing the court mediation system in our country is to serve the people better, to promote the harmonious coexistence between people, to prevent the contradiction from becoming more intense, and to resolve the dispute by a more harmonious means. It provides an alternative platform for people to deal with contradictions. Secondly, court mediation has properly alleviated the court's litigation pressure. In recent years, people's concept of legal system has been constantly improved, economic development has become faster and faster, various cases have followed, and the trial pressure carried by the court has been increasing. Court mediation properly alleviated the pressure. Finally, the purpose of setting up court mediation is to maintain the social environment of harmonious society. In practice, court mediation does play a very important role, but with the application of court mediation, some problems have been exposed, that is, "to judge pressure adjustment", "long time adjustment not to decide" and so on. The author combines practice, discusses the defects existing in court mediation. Some reform ideas are put forward in order to benefit the development and perfection of our country's court mediation system.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.2

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