论民事执行中的司法拍卖

发布时间：2018-11-11 16:36

【摘要】：作为民事执行领域的关键环节,司法拍卖一直备受社会公众的关注。司法拍卖就其过程而言,可以分为对拟拍卖财物的收取阶段和对拟拍卖财物的正式拍卖阶段,两阶段在理论上分别由公法说与私法说进行解释更加合理,但从整体分析而言应当以公法说解释为宜。目前我国司法拍卖存在着价值评估和确定拍卖保留价的不规范性、拍卖公告发布的不规范性、拍卖公司违规现象严重、司法拍卖周期较长、竞买人恶意围标、串标和部分法官“不作为”及“乱作为”现象等问题。通过考察国外有关国家司法拍卖制度,得出其有司法拍卖执行主体的确定性、对动产与不动产分别予以规定以及法律明确规定司法拍卖的具体程序等三条经验。同时也比较了目前国内两种现行司法拍卖的新尝试,重庆与浙江率先对司法拍卖进行了改革,重庆通过第三方机构,在法院与拍卖机构之间设置了屏障以保证其二者之间无法直接接触,从而杜绝拍卖机构向法院、法官寻租。而浙江则利用网络,实施了网络司法拍卖,将传统司法拍卖中由拍卖机构进行拍卖直接改为由法官进行主导,通过淘宝网的司法拍卖平台进行网络拍卖。在总结国内外司法拍卖的有关经验后,本文提出了完善我国司法拍卖制度的四点建议,即：细化司法拍卖制度规范、区分被拍卖财产的性质来制定相应的拍卖规则、减少拍卖过程中的人为因素干预、建立监督机制,从而能够将司法拍卖进行公开化、透明化,推动司法拍卖乃至整个执行领事的公开、公平、公正,维护司法公信力。
[Abstract]:As a key link in the field of civil execution, judicial auction has always been concerned by the public. In terms of its process, judicial auction can be divided into the stage of collection of property to be auctioned and the stage of formal auction of property to be auctioned. The two stages are theoretically more reasonable to be explained by the theory of public law and private law respectively. But from the whole analysis, it is appropriate to interpret the public law theory. At present, the judicial auction in our country has the irregularity of value evaluation and the determination of the reserve price of the auction, the irregularity of the auction announcement, the serious irregularities of the auction company, the long period of the judicial auction, and the malicious encirclement of the bidder. The phenomenon of "omission" and "disorderly action" of some judges. By investigating the judicial auction system of foreign countries, three experiences are obtained, including the certainty of judicial auction execution subject, the regulation of movable property and immovable property, and the specific procedure of judicial auction stipulated by law. At the same time, it also compares the two current domestic new attempts at judicial auction. Chongqing and Zhejiang took the lead in reforming the judicial auction. A barrier is set up between the court and the auction agency to ensure that there is no direct contact between the two so as to prevent the auctioneer from seeking rent from the court and the judge. But Zhejiang uses the network to carry out the network judicial auction, changes the traditional judicial auction from the auction organization to the judge to direct, and carries on the network auction through the judicial auction platform of Taobao. After summing up the relevant experience of judicial auction at home and abroad, this paper puts forward four suggestions to perfect the judicial auction system of our country, that is, to refine the norms of the judicial auction system, to distinguish the nature of the property to be auctioned, and to formulate the corresponding auction rules. In order to reduce the interference of human factors in the process of auction and establish a supervisory mechanism, the judicial auction can be made public and transparent, and the judicial auction and even the whole executive consul can be promoted to be open, fair, just and maintain the judicial credibility.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1;D926.2

【共引文献】