论我国人民陪审员管理机制的完善

发布时间：2018-12-07 21:18

【摘要】：人民陪审员制度是国家审判机关吸收普通民众参与司法活动的制度设计,也是实现司法民主的形式之一,它构成了我国司法制度的重要部分。1第十届全国人大常委会第十一次会议审议通过了《关于完善人民陪审员制度的决定》,并于2005年5月1日正式实施,使我国人民陪审员制度进一步走向规范化。我国法律将人民陪审制度作为社会主义民主法制建设和深化司法制度改革的重大措施来抓,具体规定了人民陪审员的选任条件和程序、与法官“同职同权”等内容,然而,由于立法过于原则,各级法院在实践中出现了理解不一致、适用不统一和规定不到位2等问题,使现行司法实践中的运行状况却令人堪忧,因此,人民陪审员制度的发展与完善,若仅有立法机关的努力是孤掌难鸣的,其运作机制的形成,既需要立法机关的积极探索,更离不开各级法院的有效管理和完善制度建设,这是充分发挥我国人民陪审员制度功能效果的关键所在。本文首先分析了我国人民陪审员制度的基本情况,包括制度的创建、停滞、重建和完善阶段介绍;其次,总结了人民陪审员在参审案件过程中起到的功能和作用;第三,对全国人大《关于完善人民陪审员制度的决定》实施五年后,人民陪审员制度在广州市两级法院系统中的落实情况进行了调研,以2010年广州市两级法院第二批选任的563名人民陪审员为调查对象,通过设计问卷的形式、收集研讨13家法院落实人民陪审员制度的情况报告、统计人民陪审员的年龄结构、性别分布、学历构成、政治面貌、职业分布和参审案件等情况进行了详细分析;第四,总结了广州市两级法院落实人民陪审员制度存在的问题和主要矛盾,分别对实践中存在的十大问题展开论述;最后,重点对我国人民陪审员制度提出了完善意见:具体从建立科学的选任工作机制、完善基础制度建设、强化日常管理和监督制约、防止“陪而不审”现象发生、规范参审案件范围和数量、加强教育培训和物质保障、统一管理分类使用等几个方面展开,此外,还提出了可以进一步完善在诉前调解和强制执行中也引入人民陪审员制度,以更好地彰显陪审理念:如发挥人民陪审员的“调解”和“帮教”优势、邀请人民陪审员参与执行案件、建立陪审团与人民陪审员混合陪审新模式等等一系列完善建议,以期让我国人民陪审员制度在实践中得到有效落实,形成具有中国特色的社会主义人民陪审制,从而推进我国司法公正和司法民主的进步,推进法治的建设进程,实现公平正义,创建和谐社会。3
[Abstract]:The system of people's assessors is a system designed by the state judicial organs to involve ordinary people in judicial activities, and it is also one of the forms of realizing judicial democracy. It constitutes an important part of China's judicial system. 1 the 11th session of the Tenth National people's Congress standing Committee deliberated and adopted the decision on perfecting the people's jury system, which was formally implemented on May 1, 2005. Make our country people's juror system to move towards standardization further. The law of our country regards the people's jury system as a major measure for the construction of socialist democracy and legal system and for deepening the reform of the judicial system. It specifies the conditions and procedures for the selection and appointment of the people's assessors, "the same position and the same right as the judges," and so on. However, Because the legislation is too principled, the courts at all levels have different understandings in practice, the problems of inconsistent application and inadequate regulations, which make the operation of the current judicial practice worrying, therefore, The development and perfection of the people's jury system, if only the efforts of the legislature are isolated, the formation of its operating mechanism, not only needs the active exploration of the legislature, but also cannot do without the effective management of the courts at all levels and the improvement of the system construction. This is the key to give full play to the function of the people's jury system in our country. This paper first analyzes the basic situation of the people's jury system in China, including the establishment, stagnation, reconstruction and improvement of the system, secondly, summarizes the functions and functions of the people's jurors in the process of trial. Third, five years after the implementation of the NPC's decision on perfecting the people's jury system, the implementation of the people's jury system in the two-level court system in Guangzhou has been investigated and investigated. Taking the second batch of 563 people's jurors selected by the Guangzhou Municipal Court at the two levels in 2010 as the objects of investigation, through designing questionnaires, collecting and studying the reports on the implementation of the people's jury system in 13 courts, and counting the age structure of the people's jurors, Gender distribution, educational background composition, political outlook, career distribution and cases involving in trial were analyzed in detail. Fourthly, it summarizes the problems and main contradictions in the implementation of the people's jury system in Guangzhou's two levels of courts, and discusses the ten problems in practice. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the people's jury system in China: to establish a scientific selection mechanism, to perfect the basic system construction, to strengthen the daily management and supervision, and to prevent the phenomenon of "accompanying without trial". Standardizing the scope and number of cases involved in trial, strengthening education, training, material protection, unified management and classified use, and so on. In addition, it is also proposed that the system of people's assessors may be further improved in pre-litigation mediation and enforcement. In order to better highlight the jury concept, such as giving play to the advantages of "mediation" and "help and education" of the people's jurors, inviting the people's jurors to participate in the execution of cases, establishing a new mixed jury model between the jury and the people's assessors, and so on, a series of perfect suggestions are put forward. With a view to making the system of people's assessors in our country effectively implemented in practice, forming a socialist people's jury system with Chinese characteristics, thus promoting the progress of judicial justice and judicial democracy in our country, and promoting the process of building the rule of law, Achieving fairness and justice and building a harmonious society 3
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.2

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