陕甘宁边区监所教育制度研究

发布时间：2018-12-11 12:45

【摘要】：陕甘宁边区是全国抗日和民主的示范区,有着特殊的政治属性,它也是中国从传统走向现代化的先行试验区。在长期的教育改造实践中,边区监所彻底改革了旧监狱的弊端,丰富和发展了革命人道主义狱政思想。把犯人当成人看,尊重犯人人格成为边区狱政工作的指导思想。在这一思想指导下,边区监所承担着惩罚和教育犯人的双重任务。边区监所从“治病救人”的思想出发,对犯人进行教育。开展了内容丰富的政治教育、文化教育、劳动教育,以帮助犯人树立正确的人生观、价值观,掌握一定的文化知识和养成良好的劳动习惯。对罪犯进行深入细致的思想教育也是边区监所改造犯人的重要内容。边区监所根据犯人的不同类型和犯人思想变化的不同阶段进行有针对性的思想教育,解决犯人各种思想问题。边区监所在对犯人进行思想教育的实践中积累了丰富的经验,形成了最具代表性的“党鸿魁经验”。另外,陕甘宁边区在借鉴西方经验的基础上成立了具有边区特色的犯人自治组织,即：监所领导下的组、队组织和全体犯人的群众性组织救亡室(俱乐部)。通过自治组织,犯人自己管理自己,自己教育自己。在犯人自治组织成立初期,由于缺乏经验,在实行的过程中出现过一些问题。但是,边区监所在总结经验以后,正确的指导了犯人自治组织的发展。犯人的自治组织在协助监所管教方面取得了很大成效。本文通过对陕甘宁边区监所教育制度的研究和分析,从中可以看出在新民主主义制度下,中国共产党领导下的监所教育制度的特殊性和进步性,并且对当代中国监狱犯人的教育有重要的历史价值和借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region is a national anti-Japanese and democratic demonstration area with special political attributes. It is also a pilot area for China to move from tradition to modernization. In the long-term practice of educational reform, the Border region prison thoroughly reformed the malpractice of the old prison, enriched and developed the revolutionary humanitarianism prison administration thought. Treating prisoners as people and respecting prisoners' personality has become the guiding ideology of prison work in the border region. Under the guidance of this thought, the Border region Prison assumed the dual task of punishing and educating the prisoners. From the thought of "curing the sick and saving the people", the prison in the border area carries on the education to the prisoners. Political education, cultural education and labor education were carried out in order to help prisoners establish correct outlook on life and values, master certain cultural knowledge and develop good working habits. The thorough and meticulous ideological education of criminals is also an important content of reforming prisoners in the border region. According to the different types of prisoners and the different stages of prisoners' ideological changes, the border region prisons carry out targeted ideological education to solve various ideological problems of prisoners. In the practice of ideological education for prisoners, the border region prison has accumulated rich experience and formed the most representative "experience of the party leader". In addition, the Shaanxi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region established an autonomous organization with the characteristics of the Border region on the basis of learning from western experience, that is, the group under the leadership of the prison, the team organization and the mass organization (club) of all the prisoners. Through autonomous organizations, prisoners manage themselves and educate themselves. In the early days of the organization, there were some problems in the process of implementation due to lack of experience. However, after summing up the experience, the Border region prison correctly guided the development of the autonomous organization of prisoners. The self-governing organization of prisoners has achieved great results in assisting the penitentiary. Through the research and analysis of the education system of the prisons in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region, this paper can see the particularity and progress of the education system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China under the new democratic system. And it has important historical value and reference significance to the education of contemporary Chinese prison prisoners.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.7

【参考文献】