民事司法改革中非正式开庭研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 12:10

【摘要】：为顺应社会经济发展需要,近十多年的民事司法改革一直朝着更快更彻底解决社会矛盾的方向而努力,其取得的成绩是有目共睹的。但不可否认的是在改革中所暴露出来的问题也同样需要引起反思,由于之前改革偏重西方的当事人主义和程序主义而对我国社会现实情况关注太少,甚至可以说是忽视的,因此改革的弊端也自然而言地出现。本文从司法改革角度切入,探索我国民事司法改革的庭审模式,通过这篇硕士毕业论文,笔者希望能够对司法实践中出现的非正式开庭这样一个“体制外”的,甚至不为大部分学者所接受的现象进行思考,进而能为我国民事司法改革的思考方向起到抛砖引玉的作用。本文首先介绍与分析了非正式开庭出现的司法改革这一大的时代背景。对司法改革的相关概念进行解释,并阐述了现阶段司法改革的重难点。通过分析现阶段开庭模式而引出非正式开庭的概念及特点,论证该现象存在的合理性和现实基础。通过考察我国目前诉讼制度以及审判实践,发现我国民事诉讼制度在效率方面存在制度缺陷,由此提出了在正式开庭制度中吸收非正式开庭的设想,包括在理念层面,立法层面和司法层面的吸收,最终通过非正式开庭底线的程序保障实践,引导人们树立底线的程序观念。之所以如此,是因为只有在司法实践与社会生活更好融合的前提下,才可能改变民众的程序观念,进而更好的建构程序。需强调的是,本文对非正式开庭的研究不限于局部的观察,而是从宏观的立体的司法改革角度切入,以效率和公平为主线,对非正式开庭的优劣进行评价和分析。不敢说一定会对司法改革提供全新的启示,只是希望论文能为今后的司法改革提供一些理性的声音。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of social and economic development, the civil judicial reform in the past ten years has been working towards a faster and more thorough solution to social contradictions, and its achievements are obvious to all. However, it is undeniable that the problems exposed in the reform also need to be reconsidered. Because of the emphasis of the previous reform on the western clientelism and procedural doctrine, the attention to the social reality of our country is too little, or even ignored. Therefore the malpractice of reform also appears naturally. From the angle of judicial reform, this paper explores the trial mode of civil judicial reform in our country. Through this master's thesis, the author hopes to be able to make such an "outside of the system" as the informal court session which appears in judicial practice. Not even for most scholars to think about the phenomenon, and then for the direction of civil judicial reform in China play a role. This paper first introduces and analyzes the background of the judicial reform. This paper explains the related concepts of judicial reform, and expounds the important and difficult points of judicial reform at the present stage. The concept and characteristics of informal court session are introduced by analyzing the current mode of court session, and the rationality and realistic basis of the phenomenon are demonstrated. By reviewing the current litigation system and trial practice in our country, we find that there are institutional defects in the efficiency of the civil litigation system in our country, and thus put forward the idea of absorbing the informal session in the formal court session system, including at the conceptual level. The absorption of the legislative and judicial levels leads people to establish the concept of the bottom-line procedure through the practice of procedural protection of the informal session bottom line. The reason is that only when judicial practice and social life are better integrated, it is possible to change the public's concept of procedure and then construct a better procedure. It should be emphasized that the study of informal court session in this paper is not limited to local observation, but from the macro perspective of three-dimensional judicial reform, efficiency and fairness as the main line to evaluate and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the informal session. I dare not say that it will provide a new enlightenment to the judicial reform, just hope that the thesis can provide some rational voice for the judicial reform in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926;D925.1

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