从人民调解视角谈纠纷解决机制的完善

发布时间：2019-05-18 16:53

【摘要】：由于《中华人民共和国人民调解法》的出台,人民调解制度在实际运用中还存在一些曲折,为了试图更好地把握人民调解制度在解决人民内部矛盾、化解民间纠纷、维护社会稳定以及促进经济发展等方面不可替代的作用,故笔者把题目定为《从人民调解视角谈纠纷解决机制的完善》。随着改革开放的不断进行,我国的经济体制、政治体制、社会结构、文化思想变革正在以空前的广度和深度展开。城市化、工业化、现代化的不断推行使得我国既有的利益格局、社会关系也在不断的调整。而伴随着市场经济的深入开展,社会关系也日益复杂化,人们的需求也日益多元化,主体间的矛盾也不断与之呈多元化发展。与之相对应的,在内容不断多样化的矛盾和纠纷冲突之下,自然产生了一种对多元纠纷解决机制的需求。人民调解制度是一项具有中国特色的司法制度,是我国所特有的,同时也是我国社会制度的重要组成部分,亦是我国法制现代化进程中当之无愧的本土资源。它在解决人民内部矛盾、化解民间纠纷、维护社会稳定以及促进经济发展等方面具有不可替代的作用,弥补了法治社会法律固有的缺陷和弱点,为完善法制发挥了重要的作用,是我国运用最广泛、最成功并深受广大群众和基层社会各界欢迎的解决民间纠纷的非诉讼方式。西方ADR制度虽然具有一定的借鉴意义,然而作为一种域外的制度和经验,必然不能全然照搬运用于我国。在纠纷解决机制的现代化转变过程中,无论是基于社会生活条件的延续性、继承性,还是民族传统文化的认同感,抑或者是基于长期的生活习惯,全然废除或抛弃一项传统制度都必须对传统性因素进行必要的考量。因此本文才采用多维度多层次视角来对我国现行人民调解制度展开思考与研究。为此本文以人民调解为视角,把文章分为五个部分。第一部分对我国纠纷解决机制的现状进行分析和阐述。第二部分通过介绍西方调解制度,研究西方调解前置、惩罚机制、工作领域等方面的发展状况,并与我国独有的人民调解制度相比较,找到两者的契合点,并为人民调解制度在我国广泛运用提供理论依据。第三部分主要针对人民调解制度的定义、特点、原则等基本性概念进行整理及阐述。接着介绍人民调解制度的发展历程及运行状况,并就中国传统文化对于调解的传统起因分析。第四部分主要介绍人民调解制度的在经济、文化等方面的价值意义,突出我国人民调解制度的独特性。最后总结国内人民调解制度的经验及其不足,针对不足之处提出相应的解决方法,从而重新认识和发展人民调解制度,并提出了完善人民调解制度的建议,对构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的实践意义。希望此篇文章,能为我国人民调解制度提供一些理论支持,并在完善我国纠纷解决机制方面提供一些新的思路。
[Abstract]:As a result of the introduction of the people's Mediation Law of the people's Republic of China, there are still some twists and turns in the practical application of the people's mediation system. In order to try to better grasp the people's mediation system in resolving contradictions among the people and resolving civil disputes, It plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining social stability and promoting economic development, so the author sets the title as "on the perfection of dispute settlement Mechanism from the Perspective of people's Mediation". With the continuous development of reform and opening up, the economic system, political system, social structure and cultural and ideological changes of our country are being carried out in an unprecedented breadth and depth. With the continuous implementation of urbanization, industrialization and modernization, the existing interest pattern and social relations in our country are also constantly adjusted. With the further development of market economy, social relations are becoming more and more complex, people's needs are becoming more and more diversified, and the contradictions between subjects are also developing in a pluralistic way. In contrast, under the contradiction and dispute conflict, there is a demand for pluralistic dispute resolution mechanism. The people's mediation system is a judicial system with Chinese characteristics, which is unique to our country, is also an important part of the social system of our country, and is also a well-deserved local resource in the process of the modernization of the legal system in our country. It plays an irreplaceable role in resolving contradictions among the people, resolving disputes among the people, maintaining social stability and promoting economic development, making up for the inherent defects and weaknesses of the law in a society ruled by law, and playing an important role in perfecting the legal system. It is the most widely used, the most successful and welcomed by the masses and all sectors of grass-roots society to solve civil disputes in our country. Although the western ADR system has certain reference significance, as an overseas system and experience, it must not be completely copied and applied to our country. In the process of modernization and transformation of dispute resolution mechanism, whether based on the continuity of social living conditions, inheritance, identity of national traditional culture, suppression or based on long-term living habits, The total abolition or abandonment of a traditional system must take into account the traditional factors. Therefore, this paper uses a multi-dimensional and multi-level perspective to think and study the current people's mediation system in our country. Therefore, from the perspective of people's mediation, this paper divides the article into five parts. The first part analyzes and expounds the present situation of dispute resolution mechanism in our country. The second part introduces the western mediation system, studies the development of the western mediation front, punishment mechanism, work field and so on, and compares it with the unique people's mediation system in our country, and finds the meeting point of the two. It also provides a theoretical basis for the wide application of the people's mediation system in our country. The third part mainly aims at the definition, characteristics, principles and other basic concepts of the people's mediation system. Then it introduces the development and operation of the people's mediation system, and analyzes the traditional causes of Chinese traditional culture for mediation. The fourth part mainly introduces the value significance of the people's mediation system in economy, culture and so on, and highlights the uniqueness of the people's mediation system in our country. Finally, this paper summarizes the experience and shortcomings of the domestic people's mediation system, puts forward the corresponding solutions to the shortcomings, so as to re-understand and develop the people's mediation system, and puts forward some suggestions for perfecting the people's mediation system. It is of great practical significance to build a harmonious socialist society. It is hoped that this article can provide some theoretical support for the people's mediation system of our country and provide some new ideas in perfecting the dispute resolution mechanism of our country.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

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