一人公司犯罪的犯罪主体类型辨析

发布时间：2018-01-15 03:10

本文关键词：一人公司犯罪的犯罪主体类型辨析　出处：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：凭借公司与股东责任分离以及经营方式灵活的优势，一人公司作为一种事实形态长期并广泛存在。2005年，修订后的新《公司法》出台，在法律层面承认了一人公司的法人地位，自此，自然人一人或法人一人独自出资设立有限责任公司有了法律依据。但是，，一人公司作为新生事物，1997年《刑法》修订时，尚未在公司法层面获得法人地位的认可，于是《刑法》也并未将其纳入单位犯罪的规制范畴。新修订的《公司法》明确承认一人有限责任公司的法人地位后，在其之后出台的司法解释以及2006年、2009年、2011年的第六、七、八次刑法修正案均未涉及一人公司有关内容。在刑法及司法解释未有明确规定的情况下，对一人公司犯罪应如何处置，一人公司是否具有刑事主体地位，换言之其是否能够成为刑法上的主体被纳入刑法评价的范畴，仍有颇多争议，至于一人公司被纳入刑法调整的范畴后对其应按照自然人犯罪定罪还是按照单位犯罪处罚更是困扰司法实务的难题。本文以承认一人公司应被纳入刑法调整范畴为前提，对一人公司犯罪应按自然人犯罪定罪量刑还是按照单位犯罪处置分别情况加以辨析，并以一人公司的分类为基础，分别对自然人一人公司犯罪和法人一人公司犯罪如何进行刑法规制、如何确定其犯罪主体类型做了具体分析。本文由三部分组成，第一部分以现有的《公司法》和《刑法》规定为基础对一人公司的有关法律规定进行概述，包括一人公司的定义、我国《公司法》立法赋予一人公司法人地位的意义及其对刑法适用产生的影响及挑战，进而阐述确认其单位犯罪主体地位的刑法意义。在第一部分已明确阐述一人公司理应受刑法调整的基础上，第二部分针对自然人一人公司犯罪的犯罪主体类型进行辨析，即结合自然人一人公司的特点以及单位犯罪的认定标准，对一人公司犯罪应以自然人主体身份还是单位主体身份接受刑法调整加以梳理和辨析，并对不同情形下的受刑主体进行简要分析。第三部分针对法人一人公司的犯罪主体类型进行了辨析，本部分仍然是结合法人一人公司的特点及单位犯罪的认定标准对其犯罪主体类型加以辨析，并分别情形讨论法人一人公司与法人股东分别成立单位犯罪的几种情形以及成立共同犯罪的可能性。
[Abstract]:With the advantage of the company and the shareholder responsibility separation and flexible mode of operation, a company as a form of fact long and widely exists in.2005, the new "Company Law > revised introduction, the legal level of recognition of one person's legal status, since then, a natural person or legal person alone funded Co. Ltd. has a legal basis. However, one man company as a new thing," the criminal law revised in 1997, has not obtained the legal status in the company law recognized, so < criminal law did not be included in the scope of regulation of the unit crime. "The newly revised Company Law > clear recognition of one person limited liability company after the introduction of legal status, after the judicial interpretation in 2006 and 2009, sixth, seventh in 2011, the eight amendment to the criminal law were not involved in a company related content. In the criminal law and judicial interpretation has not been clearly defined. Under the conditions of how to dispose of one person company crime, whether a company has the criminal subject status, in other words whether it can become the subject of criminal law on criminal law is included in the evaluation scope, there are still a lot of controversy, as for one company to be included in the scope of the adjustment of the criminal law should be in accordance with the personal crime or according to the punishment of unit crime is a difficult problem in judicial practice. In this paper, one person company should be included in the regulation of the criminal law is the premise of a company should be convicted of the crime of natural person crime sentencing or in accordance with the unit crime disposal situation respectively to analyze and classify a company based on a person, respectively. The crime of natural person and legal person, a company how to carry out the crime criminal law, how to define the crime type to make a specific analysis.
This paper consists of three parts, the first part of the existing "company law" and "criminal law" provisions on the basis of one company's relevant laws and regulations are summarized, including the definition of one-man company law > < Company Legislation of our country one-man company legal status and the significance of the application of criminal law to produce and influence the challenge, then elaborated the meaning of criminal law to confirm the status of the subject of unit crime.
Based on the first part has a clear explanation of a company should be adjusted by the criminal law, analyze the second part of the main crime for one-man company crime types, standard features combined with the natural person one man company and the crime, to a person of company crime should be the subject of natural person or unit to identity identity accept the criminal law to comb and analysis, and the different circumstances of the criminal subject is analyzed briefly.
The third part analyses the subject of crime in the one-man company legal type, this part is still the standard of one-man company legal characteristics and the analysis of the unit crime subject of crime types, and respectively discussed the one-man company legal and corporate shareholders were set up in several cases of unit crime and the possibility to set up a common crime.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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