实践重塑规则:有限公司股权转让限制规范检讨

发布时间：2018-01-22 08:03

本文关键词： 有限责任公司股权转让限制规则准许程序优先购买权　出处：《中国政法大学学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：依我国《公司法》,有限责任公司股权的对外转让,须受股东准许程序和先买权规则的双重制约。但在实践中,该双层架构遭到各方使用者的抵制。股东、律师、法官几乎都倾向于跳过准许程序,直接适用先买权规则。原因在于,《公司法》的准许程序并无准许效果,其他股东是否行使先买权才是决定能否对外转让的关键。比较他地法律可知,闭锁公司股权转让限制机制可有多种样式,可为单层,亦可为多层,可由法定,亦可由章程或股东约定。不同机制功能相似,又不完全相同,故单层和多层架构均有可能被公司参与人采用。我国有限公司情况各异,限制规则宜由股东自行设计。为降低交易成本和提高规则透明度,《公司法》或可提供某种单层限制架构(先买权或者准许程序)作为任意性规范,或规定若干种限制措施供股东自主选择。
[Abstract]:According to the Company Law of our country, the transfer of stock right of limited liability company is subject to the dual restriction of the procedure of shareholder permission and the rule of first-buy right. However, in practice, the two-tier structure is resisted by the users of all parties. Lawyers, judges almost always prefer to skip the permission procedure and apply the first-buy rule directly. The reason is that the permission procedure in the Company Law has no permission effect. Other shareholders whether to exercise the right to buy first is the key to determine whether the transfer of foreign. Compared with other laws, locking companies can have a variety of forms of equity transfer restriction mechanism, can be single-layer, or multi-layer, can be statutory. Also agreed by the articles of association or shareholders. Different mechanisms are similar and not exactly the same, so the single-layer and multi-tier structure may be used by the company participants. The situation of limited companies in China is different. In order to reduce transaction costs and enhance the transparency of the rules, the Company Law may provide some kind of single-layer restriction framework (first buy right or permission procedure) as a arbitrariness norm. Or provide a number of restrictions for shareholders to choose.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学;
【基金】：国家社科中华学术项目“中国公司法”(项目号:12WFX003)的研究成果横向课题——“公司法教学智能问答系统”的研究成果
【分类号】：D922.291.91
【正文快照】： 引言人民法院的裁判文书不仅处理个案法律争议,它们本身还是记录社会生活的档案文献。裁判文书主要由案件事实和裁判意见(包括理由、依据和结论)构成。裁判意见展示法院如何适用和解释法律,而案件事实则反映当事人如何理解法律,如何在法律框架下行动。所以,从裁判文书的案件事

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