我国公司契约债权人保护—从契约债权人参与公司治理的角度

发布时间：2018-01-22 17:38

本文关键词： 契约债权人公司治理利益相关者　出处：《海南大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对公司债权人进行保护是现代公司法的主要任务之一。我国现行的对公司契约债权人的保护制度主要有公司资本制度、法人格否认制度、公司信息公开制度(主要由证券法进行规定)以及传统契约等制度的保护。这些对公司契约债权人的保护制度存在被动、间接、滞后等特点,有的不具有可操作性。它们无法使债权人直接介入风险源,对风险进行控制,即债权人无法直接介入公司治理。随着公司社会责任理论、利益相关者理论的长足发展和深入人心,人们普遍认为公司是由不同要素提供者组成的一个复杂系统,是众多利益相关者利益关系的连接点。公司债权人作为向公司提供专用资产的重要利益相关者之一,它们有权通过控制权的合理分配获得参与公司治理的权力,介入公司治理,对风险进行控制。在借鉴英美市场导向型公司治理模式和德日银行导向型公司治理模式的基础上,我国公司契约债权人保护制度及契约债权人参与公司治理制度的构建应遵循平等原则及适度原则。在具体制度的构建上,应构建契约债权人大会制度。契约债权人大会的召集的情形有以下两种：①公司资产负债率高；②公司出现影响债权人利益的重大事件。召集的主体为公司董事会、监事会,如董事会、监事会不履行召集的义务,债权人可以自行召集。对于契约债权人大会的议事规则,可将债权数额划分为相等的份额,以确定每个债权人的表决权。但以下几类债权人表决权受限制：有担保的债权人、债权尚未确定的债权人、与特定决议事项有重大利害关系的债权人、债务人公司的子公司或母公司对债务人所拥有的债权。对于契约债权人大会的职权,主要有选举债权人监事、董事及对公司特定事项(该事项对债权人债权的实现有不利影响)行使表决权。债权人监事和董事均对契约债权人大会负责,接受契约债权人大会或其常设机构的监督。债权人监事享有公司法赋予监事的所有职权,并且拥有对债务人公司资本方面的特殊职权。债权人董事仅对以下事项享有表决权：公司的经营方针和经营范围的重大变化；公司的重大投资行为和重大的购置财产的决定；公司订立重要合同,可能对公司的资产、负债、权益和经营成果产生重要影响;公司减资、合并、分立、解散及申请破产的决定等。在债权人董事行使上述表决权前,应获得契约债权人大会表决通过。对契约债权人大会对公司特定事项行使表决权的情形除上述董事行使表决权的情形外还有以下几项：对公司董事进行诉讼的决定、请求法院撤销公司决策的权利等。
[Abstract]:The protection of corporate creditors is the main Ren Wuzhi of modern company law. The current system of protection of corporate contract creditors in China mainly includes the system of corporate capital and the system of denial of legal personality. The system of disclosure of company information (mainly regulated by securities law) and the protection of traditional contract system, which have the characteristics of passive, indirect, lag and so on. Some do not have maneuverability. They can not make creditors directly involved in the source of risk, risk control, that is, creditors can not directly intervene in corporate governance. With the theory of corporate social responsibility. With the rapid development and popularity of stakeholder theory, it is generally considered that the company is a complex system composed of different factor providers. Corporate creditors, as one of the important stakeholders providing special assets to the company, have the right to obtain the right to participate in corporate governance through the rational distribution of control rights. Intervene in corporate governance and control risks. On the basis of drawing lessons from the Anglo-American market-oriented corporate governance model and Germany and Japan Bank-oriented corporate governance model. The protection system of corporate contract creditors and the construction of contract creditors' participation in corporate governance system should follow the principle of equality and moderation. The system of general meeting of contract creditors should be constructed. There are two kinds of cases of convocation of contract creditors' general meeting: the ratio of assets and liabilities is high in the following two kinds of companies: 1: 1; The main body of the company is the board of directors, the board of supervisors, such as the board of directors, the board of supervisors, the board of supervisors do not perform the obligation of convening. The creditor may convene himself. The amount of the claim may be divided into equal shares for the rules of procedure of the general meeting of the creditors of the contract. To determine the voting rights of each creditor... but the voting rights of the following categories of creditors are restricted: secured creditors, creditors whose claims have not yet been determined, and creditors having a substantial interest in a particular resolution matter. The creditor's rights owned by the subsidiary or parent company of the debtor's company. The main functions and powers of the general meeting of the creditors of the contract are the election of the creditor supervisor. Directors and directors exercise their voting rights on specific matters of the company (which adversely affect the realization of creditors' claims). The creditors' supervisors and directors are responsible to the general meeting of the creditors of the contract. Subject to supervision by the general meeting of the creditors of the contract or its permanent establishment. The supervisor of the creditor shall have all the powers and powers conferred on the supervisor by the company law. The creditor directors only have the right to vote on the following matters: the major changes in the company's operating policy and scope; The company's major investment activities and major property acquisition decisions; The conclusion of important contracts by the company may have a significant impact on the assets, liabilities, equity and operating results of the company; The decision of the company to reduce its capital, merge, separate, dissolve and apply for bankruptcy. Before the creditor directors exercise the above voting rights. Voting rights shall be adopted by the general meeting of the creditors of the contract. In addition to the circumstances in which the directors exercise their right to vote in respect of specific matters of the company, there are the following:. A decision to sue the directors of a company. Apply to the court for rescission of the company's decision, etc.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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